tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-81433269140448804922024-03-08T01:19:06.062-08:00Coalition application essay promptsFredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.comBlogger237125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-5636490100951697432020-08-27T14:05:00.001-07:002020-08-27T14:05:08.838-07:00Lacsap’s Triangle1 Introduction. Let us think about a triangle of portions: Obviously, the numbers are following some example. In this examination we will attempt to clarify the hypothesis behind this course of action and to locate a general connection between the elementââ¬â¢s number and its worth. The example above is known as a Lacsapââ¬â¢s Triangle, which unavoidably alludes to its connection to another course of action â⬠Pascalââ¬â¢s Triangle (as Lacsap seems, by all accounts, to be a re-arranged word of Pascal). The calculation behind it is straightforward: every component is the total of the two components above it.However, in the event that we speak to a triangle as a table (beneath), we will have the option to see a theme between a record number of a component and its worth: segment section segment 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 column 0 1 line 1 line 2 1 2 1 line 3 1 3 1 line 4 1 4 6 4 1 line 5 1 5 10 5 1 line 6 1 6 15 20 15 6 1 It appears to be critical to us to emphasize a few focuses that th is table makes self-evident: ? the quantity of components straight is n + 1 (where n is a record number of a line) ? the component in segment 1 is consistently equivalent to the component in segment n â⬠1 ? herefore, the component in section 1 in each column is equivalent to the quantity of a given line. Presently when we have built up the principle groupings of a Pascalââ¬â¢s triangle let us perceive how they will be communicated in a Lacsapââ¬â¢s course of action. We likewise propose taking a gander at numerators and denominators independently, in light of the fact that it appears glaringly evident that the parts themselves canââ¬â¢t be gotten from before values utilizing the movements of the sort that Pascal employments. Discovering Numerators. Letââ¬â¢s start with introducing given numerators in a comparative table, where n is some of a line. n=1 1 n=2 1 3 1 n=3 1 6 1 n= 4 1 0 10 1 n=5 1 15 1 3 Although the triangles seemed comparative, the table shows a critical distinction between them. We can see, that all numerators straight (with the exception of 1ââ¬â¢s) have a similar worth. In this way, they don't rely upon different components, and can be acquired from various line itself. Presently a relationship we need to investigate is between these numbers: 1 2 3 6 4 10 5 15 If we believe various column to be n, at that point n=1 1=n 0. 5 2 n 0. 5 (n +1) n n=2 3 = 1. 5n 0. 5 3 n 0. 5 (n +1) n n=3 6 = 2n 0. 5 4 n 0. 5 (n +1) n n=4 10 = 2. 5 n 0. 5 n 0. 5 (n +1) n n=5 15 = 3n 0. 6 n 0. 5 (n +1) n Moving from left to directly in each column of the table above, we can obviously observe the example. Separating a component by a line number we get a progression of numbers every last one of them is 0. 5 more prominent than the past one. On the off chance that 0. 5 is considered out, the following succession is {2; 3; 4; 5; 6}, where every component relates to a line number. Utilizing a cyclic strategy, we have discovered a general articulation for the numerator in the first triangle: If Nn is a numerator in succession n, at that point Nn = 0. 5(n + 1)n = 0. 5n2 + 0. 5n Now we can plot the connection between the column number and the numerator in each row.The chart of an explanatory structure starts at (0; 0) and keeps on ascending to vastness. It speaks to a constant capacity for which D(f) = E(f) = (0; ); 4 Using an equation for the numerator we would now be able to discover the numerators of further lines. For instance, in the event that n = 6, at that point Nn = 0. 5 62 + 0. 5 6 = 18 + 3 = 21; on the off chance that n = 7, at that point Nn = 0. 5 72 + 0. 5 7 = 24. 5 + 3. 5 = 28, etc. Another method of speaking to numerators would be through utilizing factorial documentation, for clearly Numeratorn = n! Presently letââ¬â¢s concentrate of finding another piece of the division in the triangle. Discovering Denominators.There are two principle factors, that a denominator is probably going to rely upon: ? number of column ? n umerator To discover which of those is associated with the denominator, let us think about an after table: segment 1 segment 2 segment 3 segment 4 segment 5 segment 6 5 line 1 line 2 1 2 1 line 3 1 4 1 line 4 1 7 6 7 1 line 5 1 11 9 11 1 It is presently obvious, that a contrast between the progressive denominators in a subsequent section increments by one with every cycle: {1; 2; 4; 7; 11}, the distinction between components being: {1; 2; 3; 4}. So if the quantity of line is n, and the denominator of the subsequent segment is D, at that point D1 = 1D2 = 2 D3 = 4 and so on; at that point Dn = Dn-1 + (n â⬠1) = (n-1)! + 1; If we currently take a gander at the third segment with a respect to a factorial arrangement, an example develops: In the arrangement {1; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7;â⬠¦ ; }, in the event that d is the denominator of the third section, at that point: d3 = 1 + 1 + 2 = 4 d4 = 1 + 2 + 3 = 6 d5 = 2 + 3 + 4 = 9 dn = (n â⬠2)! + 3; To check the consistency of this progr ession, we will proceed with the investigation of the fourth section. By similarity, the outcome is as per the following: Denominatorn = (n â⬠3)! + 6 (where n is various column) Therefore, it very well may be spoken to as follows:Column 2 (n-1)! +1 Column 3 (n-2)! +3 Column 4 (n-3)! +6 It is presently clear, that numbers inside the sections follow the (c â⬠1) (where c is the quantity of segment), and the numbers outside are in certainty the numerators of the line of the past file number (contrasting with the segment). Along these lines, a general articulation for the denominator would be Dn = (n â⬠(c â⬠1))! + (c â⬠1)! 6 where Dn is a general denominator of the triangle n is various line c is the quantity of section Now we can utilize a recipe above to ascertain the denominators of the lines 6 and 7. section 2 segment 3 olumn 4 segment 5 segment 6 line (6 â⬠1)! + 1 = 16 (6 â⬠2)! + 3 = 13 (6 â⬠3)! + 6 = 12 (6 â⬠4)! + 10 = 13 (6 â⬠5)! +15 =16 col umn (7 â⬠1)! + 1 = 22 (7 â⬠2)! + 3 = 18 (7 â⬠3)! + 6 = 16 (7 â⬠4)! + 10 = 16 (7 â⬠5)! +15 =18 section (7 â⬠6)! + 21 = 22 Fusing these incentive with the numerators from the counts above, we get the sixth and the seventh columns of the Lacsapââ¬â¢s triangle: Row 6: 1; ; ;1 Row 7: 1; ; ;1 If we presently let En(r) be the (r + 1)th component in the nth line, beginning with r = 0; at that point the general articulation for this component would be: En(r) =Conclusion. To check the legitimacy and confinements of this general proclamation let us think about the unordinary conditions: above all else, will it work for the segments of ones (first and last section of each column)? on the off chance that n = 4 r = 0, at that point En(r) = =1 in the event that n = 5 r = 5, at that point En(r) = =1 7 thusly, the announcement is substantial for any component of any line, including the first: En(r) = =1 However, clearly, the denominator of this equation can not approach ze ro. However, as long as r and n are both consistently positive whole numbers (being list numbers), this impediment gives off an impression of being irrelevant.If the numeration of segments was to begin from 1 (the first section of ones), at that point the general proclamation would appear as: En(r) = 8 Bibliography: 1) Weisstein, Eric W. ââ¬Å"Pascal's Triangle. â⬠From MathWorldââ¬A Wolfram Web Resource. http://mathworld. wolfram. com/PascalsTriangle. html 2) ââ¬Å"Pascalââ¬â¢s Triangle and Its Patternsâ⬠; an article from All you at any point needed to know http://ptri1. tripod. com/3) Lando, Sergei K.. ââ¬Å"7. 4 Multiplicative sequencesâ⬠. Talks on creating capacities. AMS. ISBN 0-8218-3481-9 Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-33613514204531492222020-08-22T12:08:00.001-07:002020-08-22T12:08:17.669-07:00Bus401 Mini Case Chapter 9Level of future financing Type of financing Bonds (8%, $1,000 standard, 16-year maturity38% Preferred stock (5,000 offers remarkable $50 standard, $1. 50 dividend15% Common equity47% Total100% A. Market costs are $1,035 for securities, $19 for favored stock, and $35 for normal stock. There will be adequate inner regular value subsidizing (I. e. , held income) accessible with the end goal that the firm doesn't plan to give new basic stock. Figure the association's weighted normal expense of capital. BondsPreferred stockCommon Stock 1035-15% (155. 25) = 879. 75 1. 50/(19-2. 01) 16. 99 = 8. 83% 2. 65/35 + . 06 = 13. 57% 9. 9% 9. 49% (1-. 34) = 6. 26% WeightsAfter charge captialProduct Bond 0. 38X6. 26%=2. 3788 Preferred Stock0. 15X8. 83%=1. 3245 Common Stock0. 47X13. 57%=6. 3779 10. 08% B. To a limited extent a we expected that Nealon would have adequate held income to such an extent that it would not have to offer extra basic stock to fund its new ventures. Consider the circumstance no w when Nealon's held profit foreseen for the coming year are relied upon to miss the mark concerning the value necessity of 47% of new capital raised. Subsequently, the firm predicts the likelihood that new basic offers should be issued.To encourage the offer of offers, Nealon's speculation broker has exhorted the board that they ought to expect a value markdown of roughly 7%, or $2. 45 for each offer. Under these terms, the new offers ought to give net continues of about $32. 55. What is Nealon's expense of value capital when new offers are sold, and what is the weighted normal expense of the additional finances engaged with the issuance of new offers? Regular Stock 2. 65/32. 55 + . 06 = 14. 14% WeightsAfter charge captialProduct Bond 0. 38X6. 26%=2. 3788 Preferred Stock0. 15X8. 83%=1. 3245 Common Stock0. 47X14. 14%=6. 6458 10. 35% Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-61505173030737461892020-08-21T09:50:00.001-07:002020-08-21T09:50:03.971-07:00Tips for Good Essay TopicsTips for Good Essay TopicsFor the essay to be considered a success, it should be thought out in advance and have great essay topic ideas. But before you get all the idea about how to make good topics for your BBA, I would suggest that you take some time and read up on essay topics.One thing that you can do is to read up on essay topics before you start brainstorming. This is a very valuable thing to do as it gives you ideas on what you might want to write about.The first thing that you can do is to search for topics online. There are many different topics available for you to read about, and I would suggest that you spend some time searching the topic choices available. The idea is to find topics that you are interested in, but also of course do not have anything personal or completely untrue in them.A good tip here is to avoid topics that have personal feelings in them, which could really upset you. The key here is to focus on topics that might be really helpful for your reader. In fact, try to make it a point to pick topics that you will be able to use for your paper.Then once you have found a topic, it is time to make a list of all the things that you have read about this topic. The reason why you have to make a list is so that you can find out if there is anything that you missed out on.Once you have done this, you should make another list of all the different opinions that you have gathered from your research. You can then ask yourself what the reason behind these opinions are, and if they make sense to you.Once you have found out what the various opinions are, you should think of what these opinions mean for you and for your paper. After you have done this, you can then come up with a general idea of what you want to write about and you can start brainstorming.The main aim of doing this is to give you an idea on what you should actually write about in your paper. After doing this, you can then start brainstorming again. Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-47699693357568919222020-05-25T20:22:00.001-07:002020-05-25T20:22:03.917-07:00NATOs mission in Kosovo - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 26 Words: 7754 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? INTERNATIONAL LAW NATOs MISSION in KOSOVO ABSTRACT In the course of the NATO mission and its ramifications to people all over the world, a number of literature depicting this issue and concerns in international laws and national security have been widespread. This seminar paper endeavors to explore the details surrounding the legitimacy of NATO in the war indicated as the NATO mission in Kosovo by providing an analysis with regard to the facts surrounding NATO intervention and deliberating on the future implications that this mission hold in respect to international law. INTERNATIONAL LAW NATOs MISSION in KOSOVO Introduction When a terrorist captures people and turns them into hostages in their very homeland and the law enforcement or armed forces storm in violently causing havoc to the country, they will be placing the hostages more at risk. What is worse and more irresponsible would be to gain entry into another area of the vicinity since it is more secure and there is no terrorist present and begins to damage things valuable to the inhabitants. Such an approach would look as if preferably considered to position the hostages in the most likely risk. Nobody in his right mind concerned about the security of the hostages would conduct an operation this way, nevertheless it is precisely the approach followed by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "NATOs mission in Kosovo" essay for you Create order The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is also referred to as the North Atlantic Alliance. It is an international governmental organization military alliance founded on the North Atlantic Treat. The organization holds a system to maintain a collective security, of which affiliates had declared to be in agreement to mutual defense taking action against an attack from an outside force. While NATO attempted to rapidly put in force peace efforts in Kosovo, the way that the organization performs its actions received unsympathetic criticisms. Merely for the reason that the administration by Milosevic was obviously in gross contravention of a number of international laws did not outright give good reason for any reaction devoid of rigorous examination and analysis. This analysis endeavors to explore the details surrounding the legitimacy of NATO in the war indicated as the NATO mission in Kosovo by responding to the research question; was NATO intervention in Kosovo just, and what are the future implications that this mission hold in respect to international law? NATO Mission in Kosovo The objectives of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) on the subject of the tension in Kosovo were explained in the declaration delivered during the very particular conference by the North Atlantic Council conducted at NATO were confirmed by different Heads of State and the Government in Washington. Consequently, the objectives of NATO regarding the conflict in Kosovo were concretely outlined. (The NATO Press Release 1999, Sc. 1-3) These were indicated in the Statement of the Chairman, Resolution 1244 (1999) Annex 1. A succinct overview of The Washington Declaration takes account of NATO objectives which in summary suggests a confirmable discontinue of all military engagement and the abrupt eradication of violent behavior and subjugation; the pulling out from Kosovo of the armed forces, law enforcement, and assisting official military forces; the posting of international military presence in Kosovo; the unrestricted and safety of all refugees and displaced persons coming back and unconstrained access of humanitarian aid organizations to those individuals; and the formation of a political agenda arrangement for Kosovo based on the Rambouillet Accords (Beckert 1999, p.16), to conform with the international law and the Charter of the United Nations. (The NATO Press Release, 1999) Distinctions between alliances and coalitions This analysis endeavors to explore the details surrounding the legitimacy of NATO in the war indicated as the NATO mission in Kosovo. The focus of this paper is on current events, but it also delves on thehistory oftherelationshipconsideringtheoreticalapproachesand concepts. Current affairs of the Atlantic Community are embeddedintheir historicalevolution. They cannot be comprehensively elucidated without theoreticalconstructs.Therefore, in an endeavor to encompass all essential elements and raise law-oriented and theoretical notions, it is imperative to tackle the distinctions between alliances and coalitions in consideration of the NATO organization. The attacks in 2001 that shocked the whole world were construed in a variety of ways by different nations as well as local and international organizations. Numerous states in the country had initiated their readiness to be included in responding to measures opposed to terrorism. The finishing off of the Cold War and the departure of a fired up antagonism has altered the strategies to security cohesion on the part of allied states. Furthermore, the unmatched standing of the United States as an excessively active force in the most indistinct implication has dealt American strategists with a predicament since conventional alliances may present both advantages and disadvantages. Progressively more, the disadvantages have succeeded. In political terms, the possibilities of accomplishing harmony among the twenty-six member states of NATO have diminished. Harmony, at one time the high point of Alliance cohesion, has become now impossible and unnecessary. (Yost, 1998) Coalitions of the disposed can be generated from within a much unrestricting miscellany of states, and the uncertainty occurs if the Alliance is now turning out to be an instrument for the conveyance of a discriminatory European allegiance to an American inclusive order of a global scale. According to Steinberg (2003, p. 115), NATO had referred to Article V, a combined defense specification. Other international organizations conveyed their pronouncement to partake within the collective endeavor to buoy up the movement against terrorism. Beginning in the year 2002, the initial operations of Romanian groups, for instance, to unite with the Coalition Forces in Operation Enduring Freedom, Afghanistan, has embodied an ultimate pace in the Eastern European countries to become affiliates of NATO. Since that period, various countries of sorts have taken on a new structure of values in the course of their desire to form a junction with the association of democracy and freedom. The conflicts feature has been changed fundamentally in recent years owing to the asymmetrical distinctiveness of defiance. In addition, from the standpoints of the new-fangled international challenges, the increasing emergent of international organizations and local measures, it is apparent that there is necessity of general principles, norm, and regulations for its class of organizations. (Steinberg 2003, p. 130) NATOs main role in nations it focuses on is to assist the existing government in putting into effect and broadening its influence and authority across the country, overlaying the means for renewal and operative governance. The organization accomplishes this predominately by way of its United Nations authorization for International Security Assistance Force (ISAF). From the moment NATO had assumed command of ISAF in the year 2003, the Alliance has progressively stretched out the scope of its mission, formerly just limited to Kabul, to encompass Afghanistans entire territory. The number of ISAF groups has increased correspondingly from the preliminary five thousand to more or less eighty thousand troops which had come from forty-four nations that comprise all twenty-eight NATO members. (Hamilton, 2004) The waning of NATO had been prognosticated a lot of times subsequent to the ending of the Cold War and with even more after the devastation aggravated by Iraq warfare seven years prior. The composers of NATO recordings are not in concurrence with regard to the causes of downfall which vary from unevenness of power to conflicting world views encompassing the Atlantic, but they have the same opinion with regard to NATO, at the same time still remains, is in effect demise. The decision makers of the Alliance had learned to distinguish and perform within the limits within which the Alliance is supposed to function if it is to carry on. This is noteworthy. During the latter part of the 1990s, political determination and reality had conflicted in Kosovo, bringing forth NATOs most terrible post-Cold War catastrophe. Since the devastation, NATO had prepared for a Riga summit which continued with the investments completed since the Prague summit of Allied leaders concerning NATOs conversion i nto a twenty-first century alliance. Indicated ambitions had aligned with reality and NATO had been supposed to be on the right track for revitalization. (Hursoy Esrin, 2004) In consideration of aligning aspiration with reality, the involvement in Kosovo in 1999 had demonstrated a number of symptoms of melancholy within the Alliance and it was in the response of the Allies to this move that it was found the reasons why NATO is directed for restitution. The involvement of NATO in Kosovo had progressed into an unpredictably long-drawn-out less significant air war, which caused the Allies to oppose NATO approach, the United States to assume that military operations had to be coursed beyond the cooperative entities of NATO, and European Allies to sustain the European Unions new security and defense policy (ESDP). (Meyer 2004, pp. 90-91) The intervention of NATO corresponded to the conclusion of nearly ten long years of political casual interest with the aspiration of unification in a range of pretexts that Europe has to be undivided and emancipated, the democratic community has to be broadened, NATO has to act as solitary, and NATO has to exemplify and through its actions characterize unanimous democratic and humanitarian principles. Furthermore, devoid of a tactical intimidation, these compulsions and objectives as expected led into the attempt to make NATO a united security organization for Europe. Kosovo was only this test occurrence of which NATO took action with no mandate from the United Nation and had laid assertion to legitimacy. (Mayer 2004, p. 93) Subsequently, realities had then succeeded. The Allies had found not just that they were not prepared to actually wage war for these values, hence the nonexistence of a ground war, but also that principles are no replacement for politics and the welfare they engender; hence, the arguments within NATO. These occurrences had stimulated a transformation of movement in NATO. The arrangements for the 2002 Prague Summit and the renovation program that was reorganized in Riga correspond to an alliance of ambition with reality. (Croft 2002, p.98) The initial point is not the aspiration to take action united but the necessity to construct an Alliance that remains united but takes action flexibly in coalitions determined by interests and means. There are by then positive signs of transformation. The NATO Response Force, reforming the new force structure concentrated on all set and organized forces; the sinewy of the command assembly and reserves prepared in itinerant headquarters below the rank of strategic authority; and the new political focal point on irregular intimidations that come from beyond the European constituency. They indicate that NATO imply seriousness of concern when it opts to make an matter its concern, and they guarantee that Allies who decide to lend a hand in certain missions will be able to accomplish it. NATO is a preferred alliance, which indicates that its renewal is bound to happen. It will come about when decision-makers make the appropriate choices as they have already done. (Jones, 2005, p. 15) Theoretical/Conceptual Framework This analysis with regard to the NATO mission in Kosovo related to transatlantic relations focuses on current events and references with history to the relationship, to theoretical approaches and concepts. This will commence examination of documentary resources such as literature reviews, articles, theses, research projects, among others. In addition, the study will examine the data through surveys, observations and core personality interviews from where originally obtained. Collection of pertinent data from the various sources of statistical data, the number of deaths caused by the conflict, and number of families removed from their homes, and so on is explored. Overall, this analysis looks on various classes of data that are gathered and studies conducted to distinguish patterns and put together assumptions that might guide future action. Coalitions and alliances are fundamental attributes of international security. (Papp, 1984) This analysis examines these directly associated observable facts by means of an amalgamation of conceptual frameworks to explore them and empirical research studies to demonstrate them. The examination commences with an exploration of the problematic distinctive issues that envelop the distinctions between alliance and coalition, then outlines the major conceptual theoretical works pertinent to examining these phenomena, such as balance of power, intra-alliance politics, and multinational processes. Outfitted with these investigative tools, these concepts may be applied to this study of details surrounding the legitimacy of NATO in the war and the future implications that this mission hold in respect to international law. Through the process of investigating various literatures and peer-reviewed articles, as well as current events in recent years will gain both a conceptual and practicable understanding of supposed The United Nations Development Programmes Human Development Report of 1994 initially purported the conception of human security. This is commonly known as people-centered security or security with a human face. (Thomas 2000, p. 6) Human security situates people instead of the states at the center of security matters. (Howorth, 2005) This framework delves on the aspects of human security which include freedom from desire; freedom from terror; and the freedom to settle with dignity. It regards the challenging nature of the conception and evaluates its importance for being aware of the development of the security discipline. Some literatures and resources delves particularly on human security concerns associated with terrorism, subjugation, warfare, humanitarian intervention, and the responsib ility to safeguard doctrine, as well as the framework of international governance for progressing human security in terms of international laws. (Hursoy Esrin, 2004) Peacetime alliance behaviors and the standards of carrying out military operations when necessary in conjunction with allies seem to be the existing principles within provisions of international laws. This seminar paper will include an emphasis on NATO and the role of various countries as well as international organizations as alliance or coalition collaborators in historical and contemporary conflicts. In addition, this seminar paper also takes into account the developing nature of security in the perspective of international politics. It centers on peer-reviewed articles about non-military challenges to security at the same time recognizing the associations between these and conventional security matters. Among the subject matter being deliberated in various literatures include international law and security; the privatization and economics related to security; energy resources; environmental problems; population dynamics; gender and age standpoints on security; the predicaments of frail and weakening states; transnational organized crime; and new methods of warfare. The general purpose of the study is to take account of issues and points of view that confront the way security is conventionally identified with. It is imperative to identify the different elements that comprise the concept of human security being tackled in this study as future actions in terms of international laws on warfare are considered. The primary essential element is the likelihood of the general public to settle in harmony and security within their individual boundaries. This involves the facility of states and the people to thwart and get to the bottom of conflicts by means of diplomatic and non-violent processes and, when the discord is terminated, the capability to successfully implement reconciliation activities. The next element is that people must benefit from non-discriminatory implementation of rights and obligations which include human, political, social, economic, as well as cultural rights that being a citizen of a state implies. Another element is social inclusion or the idea of obtaining equated access to the political, social, and economic law-making processes, and to gain the same benefits from them. T he next element is that of the institution of the rule of law and the autonomy of the justice system. (Ogata, 1998) Every member of a society must have equal rights and obligations and be under similar set of guidelines. According to a statement delivered by Ogata (1998), these fundamental elements which are derived from the conception of equality of all before the law, in effect get rid of any threat of uncertainty which so repeatedly makes itself apparent in discrimination, exploitation, or subjugation. Following these conflicts, a new-fangled understanding of the conception of security is developing. Once upon a time tantamount to the protection of territory from external onslaught, the necessities of security in the present day have come to take on the security of communities and persons from internal aggression. The necessity for a more human-centered outlook to security is strengthened by the enduring threats that armaments of mass destruction, subjugation, hostility, among others pose to humanity of which their very label discloses their capacity and their anticipated purpose if they were ever utilized. Society has to open up its prospect of what is peace and security. Peace suggests much more than the nonexistence of war. Human security cannot be comprehended in absolutely military means. Preferably, it must include economic progress, social justice, environmental security, autonomy, reduction in arms, and valuing of human rights and laws. Narrative of the Political/Policy Theme Yugoslavia was formed mainly for defense purposes; however, as MacMillan (2001, 111-3) asserts, the Serbs had wanted more than what they had. They desired for Serbia to become the principal and governing force in Yugoslavia. Macedonia and Slovenia had not continued to get involved in the federation for the reason that Milosevic yearned to converge all his influence where he would gain collaboration and significant cooperation. Any location where there was an amply hefty Serbian inhabitants, whom he could supply with weapons to construct a Greater Serbia, he favors that, and in mind for Milosevic as Head of State. (Ignatieff 2001, p. 48) Following the mass execution at Sarajevo and Srebrenica, the Dayton Accords were approved. This event had directed NATO to pay a visit to Milosevic as a gentleman they could transact with, since at Dayton, he so amiably dealt Sarajevo for the Muslims, deceiving the Serbs at Bosnia. Nonetheless, Milosevic intentionally left Kosovo and was not part of the contract. The harsh negotiation given by NATO had not been successful in taking the Bosnian war offenders answerable to what happened to Sarajevo and Srebrenica into custody. Hence, Milosevic expected it would keep on making dialogues which concern human rights and do not a thing about it. (Ignatieff 2001, pp. 50-51) Almost half a decade of redundant intimidations appeared to substantiate ideas in peoples minds. NATO had looked disinclined engage in warfare for its principles. But NATO did. There have been casualties even before the intervention, and as it progressed and criticized by many, fatalities seemed to add up until its termination some years ago. At the same time as the nuclear upsurge had been stalled during the 1970s and 1980s, and industrialized nations recognized that they required traditional weaponry, not strong ones which are useless, they had pursued a new kind of equipment. The ascent of moral as well as human rights discourse in terms of security had elevated the standards of artillery to reduce collateral damage and diminish or get rid of the risks to individuals and entities using them. These transformations had resulted to arsenal that would strike the targets with great precision, and cause not that much devastation within the sphere of the targets surroundings. (Ignatieff 2001, p. 163) Interested parties had continued this endeavor by creating a number of technological innovations. Lasers had enhanced precision targeting; computer gadgets had started to make use of satellites to hit targets with accuracy; propulsion systems had improved the reach of missiles and bombs were prepared to be less harmful to people. This indicated that both the person making the target as well as the onlookers who are often civilians were more secured; and automated drones to make close watch activities safe for those who flew the planes. (Ignatieff 2001, p. 166) Precision weaponry comprised only eight percent of the explosives that were used in Iraq; and so far, some new missile types could do greater feats far from what were previously created. The regulated threatening features, the dangers it got rid of in support of the major players and the crucial repercussions for the adversaries have improved weaponry. (Ignatieff 2001, p. 167) The opponents had a good idea that if the Americans utilized such equipment and expertise, which was far more advanced than majority of the other weaponry in the world, it would need the same technology, which most nations do not have the capacity to obtain, to thrash them out during battle. Responsibility to Protect refers to a manuscript issued by the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty. (Commission, 2001) This specifies the rights as well as responsibilities of states in terms of interventions to stop huge numbers of fatalities. (Commission 2001, XII) It specifies four protective doctrines that intervening authorities have to wear out prior to procuring military combat. On the basis of the Responsibility to Protect, any relevant personality should have arbitrated to halt the combating. They had used up tactful means like peace talk actions, trade prohibitions, premeditated separation of Serbs and Albanians (Ignatieff 2001, pp. 25, 32-4), but all these to no purpose. Evidently, Milosevic was not settling. He was anticipating that, either of two things. That NATO would not continue on its intimidations or that, if the organization did, he may breach the Alliance and the support of the Western public for the involvement before it attained its objectives. (Ignatieff 2001, pp. 48, 59-66) Kosovo is situated in southern Serbia comprised mostly of ethnic Albanians. It was an autonomous state within the former Yugoslavia. Slobodan Milosevic, the head of Serbia had changed its status in 1989 by eradicating autonomy and had since then been under the control of the Serbian capital, Belgrade. There was a strong opposition expressed by the Kosovar Albanians. Almost ten years after, there have been deaths for around one thousand five hundred Kosovar Albanians and four hundred thousand people forced out of their own residences. (Walker, 2000) The world became grimly concerned regarding the rising conflict, the turnout of deaths, and the danger of it opening out to other nations. Apparently, President Milosevics discount for political interventions intended to peacefully put an end to the problem and the threatening role of the radical Kosovar Albanian forces was also problematical. This resulted to an excessive use of force brought by the Serbian security forces as well as the Yugoslav defending forces. The United Nations Security Council Resolution had turned out to be majorly instrumental but grave situations soon escalated which necessitated renewed international interventions. NATO, as reported had endeavored to make a possible transport of than 4666 tons of food and water supplies, 4325 tons of other provisions, 2624 tons of tents and almost 1600 tons of medical supplies had been brought to the region. It is approximated that 1.5 million citizens or ninety percent of Kosovo population, had been removed from their homes. Some 225,000 Kosovar individuals were reported missing. And there were at the least some five thousand Kosovars who had been executed all through these events. (Walker, 2000) Analysis In the area under discussion with regard to alliances and coalitions that may have influenced NATOs action towards the case of Kosovo, as a critic, may point out coalitions may undercut the Alliance for the reason that in the lack of common or collective risks, alliances appear spaced out. This is purportedly what had occurred in the Iraq War seven years prior. The United States had taken up its contentious course of action in the mission have got to establish the coalition to the situation where NATO virtually relinquished on its treaty obligation. (Jones, 2005) In particular, at the time Turkey in the early part of 2003 had asked for security conferences, which by the way is a natural right by law as stipulated in Article 4. It was these nations, particularly France, Belgium, and Germany which felt a forthcoming American undertaking that followed this appeal to unfasten deadlocked international relations and acquire international reinforcement using NATOs treaty obligations. These allies as a result had opposed NATO discussions in order not to influence UN Security Council negotiations. It had taken discreet resourcefulness to arrive at a concession in those impassioned days. (Jones 2005, p. 17) From the various writings of different personalities with regard to the issue, it is apparent that the means to integrating the Alliance with coalition formation dwells in a continuous strategic discourse delving on all germane issues, in the nonexistence of any simulated constraint. Such a discussion will function to shed light on premeditated matters of interest and put decision-making in order. It will conspicuously rally round the Allies to negotiate among themselves where the Allies may stand prepared to arise a coalition that fulfills their supposed interests will contract to acquire the reinforcement of NATO entirely. This is because they know that eventually they will have need for it. The other Allies will have to negotiate for the reason that it will present them with a chance to structure the coalition without having to take part in it. To cut a long story short, NATO as an alliance can make it possible for coalitions by expounding tactical interests and by presenting a v enue for negotiations. NATOs so-called peace talk actions commenced in Raombouillet, France. In Western media, the Rambouillet Agreement was posted and reported as it was written and no further explanation, probably due to limited investigation. However, Drozdiak (1999) reports the following: The principal stumbling block to achieving an agreement at the 12-day-old Kosovo peace talks outside Paris remains the opposition of the Serb-led Belgrade government to accepting a NATO-led force. senior Western officials said. that if Belgrades intransigence thwarts an agreement, it is almost a certainty that NATO airstrikes would begin by early next. (Drozdiak 1999, p. A01) In this report, the usage of the words peacekeeping force (Drozdiak 1999, p. A01) presents the Belgrade administration as unreasonably stubborn and intractable. Definitely, no personality would want to engage in fighting. Peace is always upheld to maintain harmonization and continuity of daily acts of living. In this line of thought, if NATO had the opinion that it had no other alternative but to pronounce a war, the unyieldingness of Belgrade would be held accountable. There have been assumptions that the Racac supposed massacre accusations were actually clandestinely planned by the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) in collaboration with the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and had pointed finger towards the Serbs which was held accountable. The supposed people behind this were those same individuals who demanded the Milosevic affix his signature to the agreement. Apparently, the information indicated in the Rambouillet Agreement, which Milosevic was being directed to put his signature on at gun point, were not once mentioned in the Western media. Actually, the details of the agreement were not even interpreted, just posted. (Drozdiak 1999, p. A01) This is not acceptable in terms of unbiased reporting and transparency. In order to understand the actions performed and decisions made by the Yugoslavs, it must be informed in detail, especially if it is an international crisis that may impact other nations in the future in terms of conflicts and repressio n. The stipulations of the Rambouillet Agreement successfully segregated the region of Kosovo from the Republic of Serbia. This had left the radical members of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) and had become the regional power. This occurrence was enough reason by itself for any nation not to authorize. No country would care for to sign, under coercion or threat a document arranged by an external authority or foreign power, much less terrorists and intended to take away a portion of the country and particularly the very region considered the structure of the peoples culture. This was not the only evident situation that hinders the authorization many years ago. Some excerpts of the NATO peacekeeping force from the Rambouillet Agreement appear to indicate making NATO as the position of most eminent authority in Yugoslavia. They were insisting to authorize stipulations resembling the terms required by the assaulting Nazis during the Second World War. Sign or we will bomb you, (Boustany 1999, p. A18) were the supposed words that came from NATO directed to Milosevic. For the reason that the document was aimed like so that it was out of the question to sign, NATO was evidently pronouncing war. In addition, Foreign Minister Vollebaek, Chairman of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) has thorough knowledge and good understanding of the agreement. The pressure is mounting Knut Vollebaek said yesterday about concerted efforts to subdue Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic into accepting a peace process for Kosovo under threat of a NATO military strike. (Boustany 1999, p. A18) From this article, it would appear that things were being embellished with a bit of truthfulness. However, this does not make things better. The Rambouillet Agreement was conjured up to be a pronouncement of imminent war, but the mainstream media presented it as a peace talk process. The core personalities behind this comprise Vollebaek as the principal figure in the effort to overcome Milosevic to authorize the supposed peace process being initiated by NATO. Vollebaek and his cohorts asserted that Albanian factions or secessionists including the national groups within Kosovo are nearing to sign the agreement. That is far from the truth. Although some people does not share this sentiment, this had been pervading the thoughts of a lot of people, particularly at the time the situation had been known overseas and had become a major concern of international organizations. From these reports that came from the Washington Post and other media sources, it had appeared as though the media reportage of the nations discord was undeserved and overlooked or to some extent had obscured a lot of significant portions that had taken place during the crisis. The propaganda and blatant abuse of basic rights by the Milosevic administration is well-known and in the main acquiesced. Nonetheless, the majority of the media reports were not very impartial concerning the concrete way in which NATO had carried out their activities in Kosovo. The administration under the ruling of Milosevic unjustifiably concentrated effort towards the Muslim Kosovars and Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA). The condemnations for war transgressions and law-breaking in opposition to Milosevic and the affiliates of his government were correct as they meted out horrifying carnage on the Kosovar people. Yet again, the conventional media had overlooked some of NATOs own infringements of the international humanitarian law. Whats more, the double standards of the humanitarian contention were not looked into appropriately. In the face of all these occurrences, it was clear that the law was deliberately defiled as NATO commenced with the bombing operation at the same time as the majority of the media who made reports did not present much independent coverage as expected. NATOs individual authorization indicated that it is under the command of the United Nations, but actually it was absolutely circumvented. Even the United States House of representatives had not approved its war activities. All through the conflict, the accomplishment of the NATO objectives, along with measures to guarantee their thorough implementation, has been considered by the Alliance as the precondition for terminating the aggression and human torment within Kosovo. Literature Review In the course of the NATO mission and its ramifications to people all over the world, a number of literature depicting this issue and concerns in international laws and national security have been widespread. Ignatieff (2001), a journalist in London had been preoccupied for the past decade at the same period this event was taking place investigating pertinent resources and events that concern ethnic nationalism as well as ethnic war. His book entitled Virtual war: Kosovo and beyond, of which some significant parts had been featured in the New Yorker and other publications. It finalizes an unexpected set of related works that had developed by way of mostly current events. The literature had turned out along with the first observance of the war in Kosovo after a year. It characterized a commendable initial summary historical report. It depicts the situation that NATO had gone to war because of the mistaken principle that a momentary air operation would constrain Milosevic to give in. The outbreak of war is essentially attributed to a human miscalculation on both Serbs and Kosovos. The Serbian headships had did not want to acknowledge that their place in Kosovo was unsound, at the same time the West had given up its trustworthiness by continually dealing out pointless pressures of cogency and hugely had taken too lightly the settle of Belgrade to bear up a few days of assault. Ignatieff (2001) assesses critically the discriminatory utilization of the military force of the West to defend human rights and the letdown of the Western administrations to uphold principle with the use of resolute military power. The writing is significant in todays global society for the author attempts to push his assessment forward, in the attempt to put in plain words the absurdity of the moral vigorous action of the West in consideration of human rights and its disinclination to make use of force or having placed its very own armed forces at risk. Part of his criticism that leaves a mark to the readers is the idea that warfare has become unnatural to individuals with technological outstanding ability. In the case of NATOs mission in Kosovo, Ignatieff (2001) had looked at it and depicted the phenomenon to sound like the way it actually is, a war to the people on the ground. The Kosovo had appeared to be a virtual experience for the inhabitants of nations affiliated with NATO. According to Ignatieff (2001), it was a manifestation that had stimulated sentiments in the powerful but superficial way that sport events do. In other words, the fundamental impartiality of moral risk of murder or be murdered in conventional war was substituted by something similar to a prospect to take advantage of. In an array of synopses about the most important players in the Kosovo crisis such as Richard Holbrook, the American mediator and Louise Arbour, war crimes initiator of legal action and, a Yugoslav who stood in opposition to the terror campaign behind the name Aleksa Djilas, as well as in other literatures, Ignatieff (2001) relays a powerful line of reasoning by way of the fact that there is a genuine need to steer clear of wars or the kind of warfare with zero fatality or a low-cost war at the least. This had allowed the West not to take responsibility. In addition, they were able to accomplish this without problems and that warfare does not encompass definite outcomes. The authority of NATO was challenged to ascertain assumptions concerning what or who the major targets of the assault should be. Some leaders have assumed that authority and control ought to be the aim; while others felt that the Serbian forces who did the carnage are the ones to be targeted. (Ignatieff 2001, p.169) Given that the coalition has the very valuable precision weaponry, they have the facility to select carefully their targets making sure that this action accomplishes the utmost purposes of NATOs interference or involvement. The warfare was terminated as soon as NATO had bombarded a power network that provided majority of the electrical energy used in Belgrade. In this way, NATO had weakened considerably the forces in Belgrade. (Ignatieff 2001, pp. 108-109) The success on the part of NATO had construed that the Belgrade administration has no means to control its war contrivance. As anticipated, Milosevic had been indicted for war crimes of sorts. A asserted by Ignatieff (20o1, p. 110) coalition forces had sustained no fatalities and caused just small number of deaths while accomplishing to make Milosevic admit defeat helps to make the intervention compliant to existing law. The author furthers that NATO was not attempting to do carnage just to capture Milosevic and obliterate the commands ability to annihilate the citizenry. Actually, NATO could have accomplished more than what took place in its quest for non deadly fighting by way of communications systems. Conclusion Two decades ago, the pursuit for a more self-governing state by Kosovo was refused by Serbia. This had retracted further the independent state of Kosovo. Consequently, Albanians were subdued and resettlement of the Serbs into the locality was supported. Given the progression of this situation, Albanians had pushed for absolute independence. Severe Serbian repression and a failure in terms of negotiations to resolve the issue provoked NATO into attacking Serbia by air. NATO putting up over the Atlantic community will have to continue its determination to uphold its objectives and accordingly secure coalitions in an unfeigned Alliance. Amplification must then not go further than the situation where the previous Atlantic community may possibly take over NATO. In view of the existing situations, NATO would also do favorably to consider the function of its tactical dialogue. This dialogue is supposed to not involve the so-called mechanical discussion of national points of view and set of guidelines in the anticipation that all these can be synchronized. The dialogue should characterize an Atlantic visualization of a global society that is founded on alliances between NATO and not only other democratic states and organizations but also the most important powers of the international network of systems. The suitable selections are therefore not unproblematic since they require money, the Alliances geographic boundaries, and tactical foresight; however, th ey would be able to guarantee NATOs continuous renewal. Ignatieff (2001), a BBC network correspondent and observer of the war, looks at the disconcerting features of what he refers to as virtual war. Progressive technology has made it possible for the West to become virtually invincible on the combat zone, while surfacing ideas concerning human rights have legitimized actions in the dealings of autonomous nations. However, the lack of involvement of the Western general public from contemporary wars, made worse by the pervasive aversion for fatalities, commanded a vain military approach in Kosovo. Aligned aircraft had carried their armaments from fifteen thousand feet with the purpose of preventing the thrashing of aircraft and squads. Therefore, NATO military procedures had by no means dealt with the political intentions explaining the war and conspicuously, defending the Kosovar Albanians from Serb forces in the region. Ignatieffs (2001) introspective analysis facilitates to put in plain words the reasons the West has hardly ever been ab le to support its haughty principles with determined force. Undoubtedly, so-called precision operations, a new technology in warfare, have unbolted new-fangled potentials for averting the destruction done to inhabitants and their personal properties and possessions. Unfortunately, that is the unavoidable consequence of armed dispute. In this line of thought, progressions in the technological innovation, precision, correspond to a constructive trend. Moreover, as artillery turns out to become progressively more clear-cut and precise, understanding of international humanitarian law is growing to be all the time more challenging for an aggressor. On condition that such understanding does not become off from the law or take no notice of the realities of military requirement, this also is to be accepted. On the other hand, as the fascination of precision engenders overstated expectations of its potentials in a way that individuals who are not exactly engaged within the combat zone oblige demands which are difficult to deal with on the military or postulate standards that go over treaty or tradition, international humanitarian law is undermined. There should be clear distinctions from one or the other. In addition, to be esteemed, international humanitarian law has to carry on to reasonably even out humanitarian issues with the need for military services. The harmonizing may change along with advancements in the setting of warfare, but has to keep on at the core of international humanitarian law. Finally, the international humanitarian law society has to be perceptive to the actuality that when precision qualifications, for instance, are overcome disproportionately on the combat zone the consequential unevenness may result for the underprivileged position to have recourse to devices and strategies that infringe the most fundamental principles of international humanitarian law. This is not to recommend that technologically advanced forces must discard their precision knowledge and machinery to make warfare more humanitarian. Perceptibly, any such proposition is illogical. Instead, it is an appeal for society to intensify its hard work to preserve the doctrines of the international humanitarian law in the countenance of the possibility that others will seek out to give good reason for their leaving behind. The future of warfare in accordance to prospective international laws may take account of communications systems technology using the right equipment and expertise. Making the opponent sightless and giddy and then taking away the data required to organize the mechanisms of war. As opposed to assaulting people fighting for their principles in the battle zone, NATO may have opted to allow to run riot computer viruses towards the computer systems and databases of its enemies to immobilize them, or possibly provided the enemy in command the wrong information in the computer they depend on, or perhaps circulated propaganda which as some would assert as a device of war virtually ever since the beginning of warfare to alter the views of the Serbs, and concentrate mainly on obliterating their communication systems including computer devices, satellites, radars, other communication gadgets, and power supplies. (Ignatieff 2001, pp. 169-70) Targeting the primary objectives without causing wounded or dead persons, any necessity for retribution are viewed as less critical or reasonable. The NATO mission did not utilize hundred percent of its capacity, so it did not lay down an example to have need of their utility in humanitarian intervention; however, as circumstances were reported, do underscore a significant move from contemporary war in two ways which include the amalgamation of official and political evaluation into the progression of engaging in warfare and, most notably, the intense decline in fatalities and affliction in war. Post modern war for humanitarian reasons could turn out to be the acceptable means eventually, but to be expecting it to turn into the norm merely because of its accomplishment in Kosovo is to close the eyes to the restoration of traditional military undertaking, typical nationalism, traditional soldiers and traditional artillery used by the United States and forming global awareness at the turn of the twenty-first century. In effect, post modern war is still not the standard, and majority of wars in the future may be expected to be lethal ones. Nevertheless, at some point, the perception of war is at the beginning of transformation. In consideration of all the specifics that were purported from various sources, in the face of controversies and varying points of view considering the mission of NATO in Kosovo, it may be asserted that NATO intervention in Kosovo had lain down two major patterns. First is that the war that happens to the exterior of the state of exemption can and must be carried out for purposes of ethics and principles and not purely strategic concerns. The other suggests that such wars will make both leading players, owing to legal assessment, and adversaries, due to the risk of intervention, more lawfully answerable for their actions. This type of intervention is provided a new set of guidelines stipulated in the Responsibility to Protect. More intervention to stop the progress of more abuse to human rights may be imperative and Kosovo presented the world new doctrines by which to accomplish it. To wrap it up, the NATO intervention had laid the standards that human rights violence has to be stopped and disallowed punishable by law with intense penalties. Those nations with capacity to put off terrorizations causing peril to the rights of people have got to do so. Contemporary warfare should be far more permissible, if executed compliant with deliberated and improved international laws. Intervention is probably not the most acceptable mode but NATOs measures and outcomes of this decision show that, as military intervention progresses to become essential to stop the progress of massive killing and brutality, there is a much preferred means to do it. As a final word, through the work of Ignatieff (2001), a unique analysis of the disposition and ramifications of NATOs Kosovo mission was elucidated. It is purported and given as a warning that only when people or society has acknowledged the fascinating attributes and disappointments of virtual war, can be truthfully assessed the risks and advantages of strong-minded action. The author provides a well-timed and stimulating insights for not only the politically astute members of society but for all concerned in the interest and wellbeing of future generations who yearn to live in a peaceful and progressive society. References: Resolution 1244. Adopted by the Security Council at its 4011th meeting. Organization NATO. 1999. Accessed March 3, 2010 https://www.nato.int/kosovo/docu/u990610a.htm#A1 Becker, Richard. The Rambouillet Accord: A declaration of war disguised as a peace agreement. Agenda. 1999. Page 16. Boustany, Nora. Diplomatic dispatches: Ready for trouble in Yugoslavia. The Washington Post. 1999. Pg. A18. Commission: International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty. The Responsibility to Protect. Ottawa: International Development Research Centre. 2001. Croft, Stuart. Guaranteeing Europes security? Enlarging NATO again. International Affairs. 2002. Vol. 78, No. 1, pp. 97-114. Drozdiak, William. Allies reiterate threats to Serbs; Albright to join Kosovo peace talks. Washington Post. 1999. Pg. A01. Hamilton, Daniel. Transatlantic transformations: Equipping NATO for the 21st century. Washington: Center for Transatlantic Relations. 2004. Howorth, Jolyon. From Alliances to Coalitions of the Willing: The new Regional Dynamics of Transatlantic Relations. Hilton Hawaiian Village, Honolulu, Hawaii: Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association. 2005. Hursoy, Siret Esrin, Ada. Natos transformation and the position of turkey. Bornoza-Izmir. Ege University Press. 2004. Ignatieff, Michael. Virtual war: Kosovo and beyond. Picador. 2001. 256 pages. MacMillan, Margaret. Paris 1919: Six months that changed the world. New York: Random House. 2001. Meyer, Steven. Carcass of Dead Policies: The Irrelevance of NATO. Parameters. 2004. 83-97. Ogata, Sadako. Inclusion or exclusion: Social development challenges for Asia and Europe. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees at the Asian Development Bank Seminar. 1998. Accessed March 4, 2010 https://www.unhcr.ch/refworld/unhcr/hcspeech/27ap1998.htm Papp, Daniel S. Contemporary International Relations: Frameworks for Understanding. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. 1984. Rambouillet Agreement. Interim agreement for peace and self-government in Kosovo. U.S. Department of State. Accessed March 3, 2010 https://www.state.gov/www/regions/eur/ksvo_rambouillet_text.html Schmitt, Michael. Precision attack and humanitarian law. International Review of the Red Cross. 2005. Vol. 87, No. 859, pp. 445-467. Steinberg, James. An Elective Partnership: Salvaging Transatlantic Relations. Survival. 2003. 45, No. 2, 113-46. The NATO Press Release. The Washington Declaration. Signed and issued by the Heads of State and Government participating in the meeting of the North Atlantic Council in Washington D.C. on 23rd and 24th April 1999. NATO Summit. 1999. Accessed March 3, 2010 https://www.nato.int/docu/pr/1999/p99-063e.htm Thomas, Caroline. Global governance, development and Human security. London: Pluto Press. 2000. pp. 6-7. Walker, Tom. KLA faces trials for war crimes on Serbs. The Sunday Times. 2000. Yost, David. NATO Transformed: The Alliances New Roles in International Security. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press. 1998. Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-84940315705642217732020-05-15T02:42:00.001-07:002020-05-15T02:42:02.886-07:00Sin and Corruption of Puritan Society Illustrated in... Puritans may have tried to give themselves the appearance of a perfect society, but it was really just as corrupt and full of sinners as any society today. In the Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Crucible by Arthur Miller and ââ¬Å"To My Dear and Loving Husbandâ⬠by Anne Bradstreet, there is evidence for this. In Puritan literature, although they try to hide it, sin is very common, in that Puritans do the opposite of what they preach, but still harshly punish those who sin. Affairs are a common sin with the Puritans that cannot be kept secret, because of the Puritan stress on faithfulness and love in marriages and the negative view of divorce. Affairs are bountiful in Puritan society; even a minister, one who preaches sin, commitsâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦This is the standard level of devotion expected in Puritan couples and if it is not met, surrounding people figure that something must not be right, and they investigate, often uncovering sin. Although adultery is preached against in the Ten Commandments, Puritans are still often discovered committing this sin. Another common, harshly punished sin is witchcraft, and the irony is clear when the Puritans turn each other in, against their strong idea of unity. The Puritans try hard to keep this offense hidden as well. When Mary Warren is talking to Abby she says, ââ¬Å"Itââ¬â¢s a sin to conjure, and we-â⬠and Abby replies, ââ¬Å"I say shut it, Mary Warren!â⬠(Miller 19) Abby is hiding this sin by lies of omission, another sin in itself. The lies of omission are motivated by the fact that when a Puritan is even suspected of witchcraft, they are punished harshly, even by death. When Danforth is talking about the power he possesses he says, ââ¬Å"And seventy-two condemned to hang by that signature?â⬠(Miller 87). With so many people dying, the Puritans are terrified and will do anything to protect themselves from this fate. To try to avoid the harsh punishment that is doled out to citizens accused of witchery, the Puritans rat each other out, even though they stress the ideal of unity. With pressure and threats from Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-27753011117174827562020-05-06T16:02:00.001-07:002020-05-06T16:02:25.978-07:00Annalee Ferguson. Dr. Wolfe. Dc American History. 30 March Annalee Ferguson Dr. Wolfe DC American History 30 March 2017 Gerald Ford Gerald Ford was a simple man born in Omaha, Nebraska on July 14, 1913 (Brinkley 1). Through trials and tribulations growing up, Ford, originally named Leslie Lynch King, Jr., became a stellar football player, friend, and student (Green). Though law was always in his wheelhouse, graduating in the top third of his class at Yaleââ¬â¢s Law School, Ford never intended on being in a position higher than Speaker of the House, which he strived so hard for. (Friedel and Sidey). He was selected to be the Vice-President to Richard Nixon by senior Congressional leaders after Nixonââ¬â¢s vice resigned (Green). After Nixon resigned, Ford gained the title of President Ford, making him theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦On August 5, 1979, Ford could no longer backup Nixon (Green). He stated, ââ¬Å"It is impossible for the President to continue to claim that he was not guilty of an impeachable offenseâ⬠(Ford). Three days later, Nixon resigned in they way of a televised nation al address and Gerald R. Ford became the thirty eighth president of the United States. As president, Fordââ¬â¢s first goal and expectation by America, was to speak on the resignation of Nixon and the Watergate scandal (Green). Upon being inaugurated, on August 9, 1974, Ford declared, ââ¬Å"I assume the Presidency under extraordinary circumstances.... This is an hour of history that troubles our minds and hurts our heartsâ⬠(Ford). On September 8, 1974, President Ford signed a proclamation pardoning Richard Nixon (Green). This means that Nixon nor any of his family members would be punished for any crime that he committed (Ford). This was a very controversial act on Fordââ¬â¢s part and many Americans thought that it was because they were such close friends (Freidel and Sidey). Other people and even newspapers mocked Ford saying this pardon was, ââ¬Å"A gross misuse, if not abuse, of presidential powerâ⬠(Brinkley 68). This was simply not the case. America was in a rough spot; terrible inflation plagued the country as well as the political unrest caused by the recent incidents (Freidel and Sidey). How much more could the people take? Ford chose this Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-87573378600167781232020-05-05T18:31:00.001-07:002020-05-05T18:31:06.432-07:00Discussion about Organizational Structure of Fonterra Dairy Company Question: Discuss about theOrganizational Structure of Fonterra Dairy Company. Answer: Introduction The dairy industry in Australia is estimated to be worth 13 billion dollars, including the manufacturing and processing industry, having a farm gate value worth 4 billion dollars. The industry enriches regional communities around Australia (Council, 2014). The dairy farmers in Australia, who are more than 6000 in number, produce approximately 9.7 billion liters of milk in a year. The industry employs more than 40,000 citizens on the farms and in the factories, at the same time, the indirectly related industries employ more than 100,000 nationals. Dairy farming is also one of the country's leading rural industries by value addition through downstream dispensation. Much of processing is around the farming areas, therefore spawning economic activity in the rural regions of Australia. Dairy farming in the country is a well-established industry spanning across temperate and subtropical areas of the country. While the majority of milk production take place in the southeastern states, all the states have dairy productions supplying fresh milk to cities and towns that are nearby. Nevertheless, the processing of long life shelf products such as cheese and specialized milk powders is more focused in the southeast parts of the country (Francis, 2013). The industry is continuing to be a vital rural industry in the country. Productivity on the farms is increasing due to improved pasture, feeds, and animal management techniques. Complementary feeding with grains is common, but the dairy industry has remained mostly pasture-based. Though the Victoria state is dominant in milk production, all the states have sustainable productions supplying fresh milk to nearby towns and cities. As one of the largest employers in the country, the industry adds value through processing milk to produce cheese, Yogurt, butter, and cream. One dairy company that has the largest market share in Australia is the Fonterra dairy business. The company is known well across the globe with its operations in Australia and New Zealand forming the foundation of its global operations. The company set foot in Australia in 2001 after acquiring a 25 percent stake in the Victorian processor Bonlac Foods. Since then, the company has bought other well-known Australian businesses such as Borland dairies and the Murrumbidgee Dairy Products. Mid 2006, Fonterra Australia bought Bonlac Foods business. Today, the dairy company has employed 2,000 people, who gather 21 percent of the milk in Australia, operating ten manufacturing locations (Trechter, 2003). Companys Strategies within Australia and Overseas Through legacy actions, the dairy company has been part of the dairy industry in the country for a period longer than 50 years. In a bid to add value and to unlock goodness to their esteemed customers, the company has strategically invested heavily in research and innovation. With further 3,500 natural constituents, milk offers many potentials for improvement to meet the changing needs for dairy nutrition. The companys dairy science is leading to improve nutrition for mothers and infants while keeping the aging population mobile and putting healthy options on the family menu (Boland, Singh, Thompson, 2014). Developments at the companys research center, for example, the spreadable butter, bone nutrition products, functional milk concentrates have opened up opportunities to make more products from dairy ingredients. The company has an open innovation policy which encourages any external partner to contribute to the development of new product and technologies. The company has also part nered with many learning institutions and research centers all over the world. (Heron, 2016) The company aims at being globally relevant, to build a globally related corporation which makes a change in the livelihoods of more than 2 billion people by 2025. The company has an excellent engagement with people through corporate social responsibility hence a good reputation for the enterprise. Through the companys investment in both food science and market research, the business aims at building and growing beyond the current client positions, deliver on food service potential, and develop primary positions in pediatrics and maternal nutrition. Fonterra knows that for the company to achieve the strategies put in place, policy alone cannot be enough, but the performance culture is vital for the enterprise to deliver high returns. The enterprise is, therefore, keen on capital and resource distribution, fixing underperforming branches, executing their plans efficiently while focusing on the consumer (Stringer Heron, 2008). The company's multi-hub strategy aims at matching the demand growth around the globe. The global partnerships with other global enterprises such as those in Europe and China, (A-ware/ Dairy Crest partnerships and Global Fonterra and Being mate Partnerships), will enable the company to achieve global relevance (Stuart Gray, 2010). Company Structure and Leadership Style Fonterra Company commits to the highest standards of corporate governance and direction. The company has adopted corporate transformational leadership structure in its various categories of management. At the top of business governance and management structure, the company has the company governance team. The governance of the enterprise operates in a manner that promotes the interest of the shareholders, transparency, and efficient risk management. The administration balance between roles and functions of the board and teams (Jean Jacques du Plessis, 2010) The Companys board comprises of 13 board members; nine elected by the shareholders whereas the board appoints four members who are approved by the stakeholders at the Annual General Meeting. The directors who are appointed are selected to ensure that the companys board has the necessary skills and expertise to lead Fonterra dairy. They are expected to bring to the Board the appropriate qualifications and proficiencies which match the industry knowledge and other knowledge delivered by the elected directors. The leaders chose to serve the company must have a shareholding interest, because the directors will relatively have a supplier association with the company and primarily not categorized as independent under best practices characterizations. The company directors who are to be appointed must meet the NZX benchmarks for independence and are anticipated by Fonterra to uphold freedom for the period they serve the enterprise (Borthwick Roberts, 2014). All the company directors have complied with the statutory requirements for revealing interests and with the companys code of conduct regulating both directors and the administration in their daily activities with Fonterra business and the associated companies. The structure of the board is an important constituent in the Fonterra governance system. As the company continues to mature, the boards structure revision is carried out in consultation with the company s shareholders. The board contemplates that the combination of both elected and appointed directors, as stipulated in the companys constitution, provide a suitable balance for the board to function in the best interest of the shareholders. The companys board has a charter defining its operations and relationships with the management (Hitt, Ireland, Hoskisson, 2007). The boards responsibility is to provide guidance, direction, and oversight of Fonterra. The Board reports to the shareholders regarding the performance of the enterprise. The specific duties of the board include; the board reviews the bonuses policy and declares the final dividend, determine the milk price and report the cooperatives share price when each season commences. The board also appoints and reviews the CEOs performance, delegate authority to the management team and monitors how the management exercises this power, engages in the development of the strategic plan, approves significant acquisitions for the business and oversees the board committees and the sectors covered by these committee (Baxt, 2005). The company has a management team whose leader is the current chief executive officer Mr. Theo Speirings. The management team structure is in a manner that complements the strategy of Fonterra dairy company and reflects the focus on dairy nutrition and evolving markets. The company's board of directors uses working groups or committees to help in facilitating efficient and effective decision making in the business. These working groups and committees have on paper terms of reference and report either to the management or the board. The members of the groups are directors only, though other personnel may be present only as observers. Working groups are made up of shareholders, employees or others as members in addition to the executives (Fonterra, 2014). The board reviews the terms of references and the membership of each working group and committee on an annual basis and gives directions and recommendations for change when needed. In Fonterra Dairy Company, there exist five board committees which are permanent and one working group (Fonterra, corporate governance, 2014) The Company forms Ad hoc committees when urgently required by the business. Some of the committees and their functions include; the finance, audits and risk committee which ensures the management gets financial reports which are of quality and integrity. The committee also reviews the risk and assurance processes and act as the oversight for treasury procedures and policies. The appointments Remuneration and Development Committee obtains assurance that the human resource policies and practices support the organization's goals. The shareholder relations committee monitors relations between the shareholders and the company and reviews the delivery of services to the shareholders. The external affairs committee assist the board in building foreign relations with the political contacts and the international trade procedure. Fonterra Company in a bid to have the best management and working force financed projects intended to enhance the leadership capacity of its management teams. Significant funding is targeting the countryside leadership in Australia, study tours for the employees and forums for directors of the milk processing companies in the country. Support is coming from the industry players with some new enterprises continuing to invest in developing the next generation of directors and managers. Fonterra carries out a two-day introductory training workshop program for members who are interested in advanced progression as the company's representative or manager. For example, in 2003, seven supplier associates were selected in a group of 214 shareholders in an intensive selection process to take part in continuous personalized training over a span of two years. Each was assigned his/her coach and mentor. There was a review on the quarterly and annual basis to guarantee that the desired and agreed outcomes were on track. The participants also contributed to the cost of this program (Company, 2014). The necessity for leadership across the entire value chain of the company has never been greater than today. Large openings and risks lie ahead in the industry, and the capacity and capability of the leadership will play a significant role in ensuring that the company succeeds in its future endeavors. It is an estimate that the dairy industry in Australia still needs between 150 to 200 personnel who are well skilled and knowledgeable enough to lead the dairy farms, for the senior's roles 30 to 40 specialists is required. This shortage is as a result strong focus on the business by young members and family commitments also plays a significant role. Failure by the community to understand that there is importance in influencing the government and community in the decision-making process (Council, Australian Dairy Industry, 2014). To adequately address the crack between the demand and supply for the required leadership skills in the dairy industry, it is imperative that one can distinguish amongst the various levels and roles of leadership in the business. Fonterra Dairy Company has been able to achieve this efficiently. Good governance forms the groundwork of running teams. Leading requires a shared vision and trust of those under your leadership (Klerkx Nettle, 2013). Summary In my view, the effective governance team that the company has, coupled with the skilled workforce and the investment in research, the company is headed in the right direction. For instance, issues relating to the business are discussed with the staff as early as possible in a bid to make everyone involved understand the situation. Issues such as suggesting a change in the feeding methods if recommended, for example, all the costs is deliberated so that the employees comprehend the reason behind the modification. Effective communication requires trust between the parties involved, being open between the employees and the management of Fonterra have ensured that the workforce feels a sense of belonging. In many years to come, Fonterra will be a force to reckon with because the company leadership structure have made it possible for any individual to come up with the idea that can propel the business to achieve greatness. The management's open door policy allows employees who are innova tive to share their thoughts with the top company management hence the success of the company does not only depend on the leadership of the company only but also rely on the contribution of the employees. References Baxt, R. (2005). Duties and responsibilities of directors and officers. Sydney: Australian Institute of Co. Boland, M., Singh, H., Thompson, A. (2014). Milk proteins : from expression to food. London: Elsevier Science. Borthwick, A., Roberts, H. (2014). Corporate Governance. The Effect of NZX 2003 Regulated Corpoarated, 1-55. The company, F. D. (2014, February 26). News and Media. Retrieved from Bonac Supply Company And Fonterra Australia Address Dairy Industry Skill Shortage By DevelopingDairyLeaders: https://www.fonterra.com/au/en/Hub+Sites/News+and+Media/Media+Releases/Bonlac+Supply+Company+and+Fonterra+Australia+address+dairy+industry+skill+shortage+by+developing+dairy+leaders Council, A. D. (2014). Australian Dairy Industry. Agricultural Competitiveness Green Paper, 46. Council, A. D. (2014). The Agricultural Competitiveness Issues. Australian Dairy Industry, 5-10. Fonterra. (2014, February 26). corporate governance. Retrieved from Fonterra Australia: https://www.fonterra.com/au/en/About/Our+Governance/Corporate+Governance Fonterra. (2014, February 26). Fonterra Dairy Company. Retrieved from Boarrd of Directors: https://www.fonterra.com/au/en/about/our+governance/board+of+directors/board+of+directors Francis, T. a. (2013). A Global Perspective on Modern Dairy: Occupational Health and Safety Challenges and Opportunities. Journal, 187-197. Heron, R. L. (2016). Agri-Food Commodity Chains and Globalising Networks. Routledge. Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D., Hoskisson, R. E. (2007). Strategic management : competitiveness and globalization; [concepts and classes]. Ohio: Mason. Jean Jacques du Plessis, A. H. (2010). Principles of Contemporary Corporate Governance. Cambridge University Press. Klerkx, L., Nettle, R. (2013). Achievements and challenges of innovation co-production support initiatives in the Australian and Dutch dairy sectors: A comparative study. Science Direct, 74-89. Stringer, C., Heron, R. B. (2008). Agri-food commodity chains and globalizing networks. Burlington: Aldershot, England. Stuart Gray. (2010). New Zealand Geographer. Fonterra Co-operative Group, and shaping the future. Trechter, D. (2003). Comparing the Australian Wheat Board. A Neo-Institutional Assessment of Cooperative evolution, 4-10. Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-17462248390469852042020-04-12T02:42:00.001-07:002020-04-12T02:42:02.965-07:00Features vs. Benefits - The Writers For Hire COPYWRITING 101: FEATURES VS. BENEFITS A good copywriter can instantly identify the difference between a feature and a benefit. Unfortunately, its not uncommon for that difference to get a bit fuzzy in web copy. So, how do features differ from benefits. â⬠¢ Features physically describe what your product or service entails. It might mean a watertight seal, 24-hour service, or 8 GB of RAM. Whatever the case may be, features are the things that make your product or service unique. â⬠¢ Benefits, on the other hand, explain how the feature is useful or beneficial to the customer. Your copy about benefits should help potential customers answer questions like ââ¬Å"why do I need 8 GB of RAM?â⬠or ââ¬Å"how will your 24-hour service help my business?â⬠So, when youââ¬â¢re writing, which do you want to put more emphasis on? The answer is that both features and benefits are very important, but you need to spend more time explaining your benefits. By explaining benefits ââ¬â and how each benefit affects your customers ââ¬â you are essentially educating and persuading your customer at the same time. Basically, a feature without a benefit is nothing. When explaining the benefit of your feature, your copy needs to be targeted to your specific audience, to clearly and concisely give readers major insights into the product. One way I like to explain a feature in copy is to lay it out plain and simple. For example: ââ¬Å"Company Xââ¬â¢s widget has a glow-in-the-dark dial (FEATURE). This means thatà our widget is perfect to use at night and to take with you on camping trips (BENEFIT).â⬠One of my favorite phrases to use is ââ¬Å"this means that,â⬠because it lets you directly translate the benefit of your feature. Another way to help separate features and benefits is to use a chart. You can do this as a preliminary brainstorming exercise to organize your thoughts before you write, or just paste it up on your website as a great visual aid: Feature On-call industry experts Benefit With over 70 years of combined experience, our expert advice helps you solve software issues in minutes. Feature 24-hour service Benefit No matter what time it is or where you are in the world, thereââ¬â¢s always someone available to help you troubleshootà technical issues. Effective copy will clearly outline the features and benefits of whatever youââ¬â¢re selling ââ¬â and it will convince the customer to buy at the same time. Rev up your homepage, brochure, sales emails, and other marketing collateral by making sure that both your features AND benefits are clearly oriented toward your customers. And, if youââ¬â¢ve got any tips or thoughts about features and benefits, leave a comment and let me know! Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-54499295327694698032020-03-10T15:33:00.001-07:002020-03-10T15:33:03.927-07:00The Elite Report Essays - Electronic Music, MIDI, Fanshawe CollegeThe Elite Report Essays - Electronic Music, MIDI, Fanshawe College The Elite Report Music Industry Arts A Two Year Diploma Program Program Code MIA1 Campus Code LC LC - London September Admission Program Description The Music Industry Arts program educates students in all relevant aspects of the contemporary audio industry. The program promotes the professional attitude required to function in the musical, technical and commercial areas of Audio Production Engineering and Business. The program approach is intensively hands-on, with professional media and recording facilities exclusively dedicated to student use. Course curricula include functions of consoles and recorders, digital recording, video interlock, MIDI recording and sequencing, analog/digital techniques, contracts, sales and promotion music publishing, copyright, arranging, music theory, ear training, microphone techniques, studio operation and management. Computer literacy and MIDI techniques relevant to the disciplines of music and post-production recording are offered through theory and practical applications. Career Opportunities This program offers a unique opportunity for learning the skills required for the music recording industry, the post-production field, and general audio industries. The graduate may find career opportunities with sound recording studios, post-production facilities, recording companies, merchandising, touring commercial artists, cruise ships, publishing, management, promotion, sales, MIDI/sound design or studio recording for broadcasting and television. Program Eligibility CriteriaRequired Academic Preparation OSSD with courses at the General Level with: - Grade 12 English Or BTSD-Level 4 Certificate Or Ontario High School Equivalency Certificate (GED) Or Mature Applicant with standing in the required course stated aboveRecommended Academic Preparation - Courses in Communications Technology, Keyboarding, Computer Studies, Marketing, Development of Entrepreneurs, Analog and Digital Electronics, Computer Technology - Interfacing.Recommended Personal Preparation It is an advantage to the student to have a broad background in music theory, knowledge and appreciation of all types of music, an interest in the recording industry and its role in today's entertainment field, experience with computer and/or synthesizer/MIDI applications.Applicant Selection CriteriaWhere the number of eligible applicants exceeds the available spaces in the program, the Applicant Selection Criteria will be: A. Preference for Permanent Residents of Ontario. B. R eceipt of Application by February 1st. C. Achievement in the Required Academic Preparation. D. Achievement in the Recommended Academic Preparation. E. Assessment of personal suitability based on: . Supplementary Form Approximate Costs (2000/2001)Fees for: Levels 1 & 2 Levels 3 & 4 $2143.90 $2143.90 Books and Supplies: $2613.00* $2087.00* *this fee includes access to facilities and equipment in the program Recording Industry -Digital Applications A One Year Post-Graduate Certificate Program Program Code MRM2 Campus Code LC LC - London September Admission Program Description The Digital Applications program is a post-graduate program which provides intensive practical instruction and application opportunities for acquiring proficiency in the MIDI/digital multi-media field through hands-on equipment application and process-oriented instruction. Career Opportunities Career opportunities with sound recording studios, record companies, independent production houses and other 'sound related' industries, music publishing conglomerates and anywhere that 'sound' production and/or mixing is required. Program Eligibility CriteriaRequired Academic Preparation Music Industry Arts Diploma Or An equivalent qualification from another institution as judged by the College Or Professional background and experience assessed by the College to be equivalent to the aboveApplicant Selection CriteriaWhere the number of eligible applicants exceeds the available spaces in the program, the Applicant Selection Criteria will be: A. Preference for Permanent Residents of Ontario. B. Receipt of Application by February 1st. C. Achievement in the Required Academic Preparation. Students applying for the Recording Industry - Digital Applications program with a two year Music Industry Arts Diploma should have obtained a 'B' average in all MIDI and RCRD or PROD courses in the second year of the Music Industry Arts program at Fanshawe College, or a 'B' average in all MIDI courses from another institution. Applicants with less than a 'B' average will be considered only on the recommendation of the Program Chai r. D. Preference will be given to graduates of the Fanshawe College Music Industry Arts program, with most recent graduates having priority.Note: Applications received by February 1st will be guaranteed consideration. Applications received after February 1st will be considered only if places remain available in the program. Approximate Costs (2000/2001)Fees for: Levels 1 & 2 $2143.90 Books and Supplies: $2082.00 Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-3499157585390531782020-02-23T06:00:00.001-08:002020-02-23T06:00:03.906-08:00Object-Oriented Applications DB One Research PaperObject-Oriented Applications DB One - Research Paper Example With the exacerbating software systemsââ¬â¢ sophistication and sizes, the design of such systems focuses on more than just the algorithms and computational data structures to encompass system structure specification amid the underlying structural issues (Clements, 2010). This process defines what software architecture is all about. Gross organization of system structures in software has been a long living problem is software design. Software architecture is tailored towards addressing the underlying structural issues in designing and developing software. Since gross organization of system structures is just but of the primary issues that software architecture seeks to solve, there are a number of other evident issues. Controlling software system structures in the global context is another primary issue. In this regard, software architecture is, therefore, a procedural undertaking that seeks to design software systems in such a way that the structure of the systems can effectively be controlled. This means that software architecture is a global undertaking in the design and development of software. Software architecture also primarily encompasses realigning communication protocols, synchronize software designs, enhance data access, scale software performance, and revolutionize design elements in software development (Bass, Clements & Kazman, 2003). Role of Software Architects Software architects play numerous and dynamic roles in the IT industry, based on their field of specialization and the level of software design they undertake. One of the primary roles of software architects is the development of software designs that are macro-level in nature. Software architecture is applied across wide ranges of usability, from an individual context aspect to an organizational level. The use of software designs across the globe differs in terms of application and level of use. For this reason, macro-level designs become critical to account for by software architects. On the same note, inter-relating applications in software designs calls for understanding and documenting the applicationsââ¬â¢ relationships, and software architects play an active role in this pursuit. Addressing design issues in software development is not the only focus of software architects. They also undertake code reviews and mentoring in software architecture (Bell, 2008). Software architects in most cases employ team work in their undertakings for effective and efficient outcome that meets the expectations outlined by pursued goals and objectives. In reviewing codes and carrying out mentoring programs on software designs, it is easy to determine and point out areas of software architecture that need to be improved or advanced. On the same note, loopholes in the process can be effectively addressed and can consequently lead to the realization of an improved software architecture pursuit. Quality assurance and provision of relevant information to users of architectural so ftware also falls under the docket of software architectsââ¬â¢ role. Over and above the outlined roles, application design and application security constitute the role of software architects in software design and development (Javier & Mario, 2005). Example of Software Architecture Role Software architecture employs massive data computation in every aspect of software design and development software structures. A software architec Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-61289834684159382222020-02-06T22:45:00.001-08:002020-02-06T22:45:03.342-08:00CEO Overconfidence and Corporate Investment EssayCEO Overconfidence and Corporate Investment - Essay Example The paper is divided into seven sections, in the first section; Ulrike and Tate have developed a model that predicts that managerial overconfidence leads to positive investment-cash flow sensitivity. The second part they give the data that they used and the third section explains the building of overconfidence instruments and the substitute instruments. The fourth section gives the evidence they collected that supports the idea that CEOââ¬â¢s overconfidence increases the sensitivity of investment to cash flows, the fifth section deals with evidence to support the proposition that CEO overconfidence is more in the equity dependent firms. Section 6 examines the relationship of CEOââ¬â¢s overconfidence to other personal characteristics and section seven is the conclusion. In the first section, they use a 2 period model that shows the effects of a CEOââ¬â¢s overconfidence on a firms investments in an well-organized market. In coming up with the model, they assume that asymmetry of information and agency relationships does not affect the investment decisions of a manger and that the only factor affecting the decisions is the CEOââ¬â¢s overconfidence. ... In section 2, the paper uses data of 477 large publicly traded firms in the United States between the years 1980 and 1994, in order to compare the data on how the CEOââ¬â¢s managed their personal account and the firms account, more information was derived from COMPUSTAT database. The data measured include investments as capital expenditure, cash flow as earnings before extra ordinary items plus depreciation, and capital as property, plants and equipments, and investments and cash flow are normalised with the beginning of the year capital. In addition, information on the CEOââ¬â¢s employment histories is collected where the CEOââ¬â¢s are classified into three groups based on their education history, that is, those with technical education, those with finance education and those with other degrees In the results, the y found out that the out of the 113 CEOââ¬â¢s who qualified the holder 67 selection criteria, 115 of them displayed characteristics of overconfidence in their personal portfolios. From the results there were minimal cases correlation between overconfidence and the firm or the CEOââ¬â¢s characteristics, this relationship was found to be opposite for different subsamples or the different measures of overconfidence used. Some of the alternative explanations to the measures that Gate and Ulrike gave include the following. Inside information, this is where a CEO may decide to lower risk exposure of a company due information that he has on the future stock prices, this information will also influence the investment cash flow sensitivity. The second alternative is signalling where a company would be passing information to the capital markets that its prospects are better than of rival firm, signalling in most Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-56941029880438683132020-01-29T01:44:00.001-08:002020-01-29T01:44:03.285-08:00Support the view that Shakespeare Essay Example for Free Support the view that Shakespeare Essay Support the view that Shakespeare is examining different kinds of love and marriage in this play?à In the play As You Like It there are quite a few different types of love. There are four sexual relationships in the play, all of which have different varieties, or examples of loveà The main couple in the play are Rosalind and Orlando. They first meet in a wrestling match that Orlando has been entered in against Charles. Rosalind notices him for his good looks and youth, and because of this is concerned he will be hurt. Orlando wins the match though and as a token Rosalind gives Orlando her necklace. Orlando instantly falls in love with Rosalind when he first sees her and is stuck for what to say to her, Can I not say, I thank you? My better parts are allà Thrown down, and that which here stands up is but aà Quintain, mere lifeless block.à Rosalind then runs off into the forest of Arden dressed as a man called Ganymede. Orlando also flees to the forest where he writes ridiculous love poems and posts them on trees for Rosalind to find. Rosalind, dressed as Ganymede, then becomes friends with Orlando and gives him advice on ways to go about asking her to marry him. She does this by pretending to be Rosalind while dressed as Ganymede. This is so Orlando does not recognise it is her. This can get quite confusing at times. She finally reveals to him that it has been her all along though and they get married straight away. This is the first kind of love where both people love each other and no one else. This is the most simple love situation in the poem because it has no complications of people loving other people, or them not being allowed to love each other.à The couple that show the least romance throughout the play is Silvius and Phebe. Silvius is a kind-hearted shepherd who lives in the Forest of Arden. Phebe though is a rough shepherdess who finds Silvius annoying. The reason for this is because Silvius is deeply in love with Phebe, and she has rejected him many times. Phebe just ignores him though and because of this Silvius keeps on asking her to love him,à Sweet Phebe, do not scorn me, do not, Phebe.à Say that you love me not, but say not so inà Bitterness. The only person Phebe finds attractive in the play is Ganymede, who is actually Rosalind. She writes a letter to Ganymede asking him to marry her, and is rejected quite obviously. As a result of this Phebe is forced to marry Silvius in the end because she has no one else who likes her. I think the aspect of love that is showed her is a cruel side of love. The reason I think this is because Phebe is virtually forced to marry Silvius when she does not want to. Silvius though is overjoyed because she is the love of his life and marrying her is his dream. This is unfair on Phebe though because she does not love him, but she has no one else so has to go along with it. Celia and Oliver are the most surprising couple in the play I think. This is because they meet very close to the end of the play, and instantly fall in love with each other. Another reason for this is that Celia is a very kind, likeable woman throughout the play. Oliver on the other hand changes his personality. At the beginning of the play he is a very nasty man who says he hates his brother because of his good looks and his ability to be liked by everyone he meets. His personality changes though when he is sent into the forest to find his brother, Orlando, by Duke Frederick. He finds Orlando and then he meets Celia, who he instantly falls in love with. He then makes the story up of saving his brother from a lion and his personality completely changes. Twas I, but tis not I. I do not shame to tell youà What I was, since my conversion so sweetly tastes,à Being the thing I am.à He turns into the complete opposite of his old personality, and becomes very nice. This also attracts Celia to him, as well as her thinking he is good looking. This attraction between the two of them means they become a couple and get married too.à This is the same kind of love as Orlando and Rosalind experienced. This is where they have no complications and both of them love each other. They also fall in love with the first sight of each other, as did Rosalind and Orlando. The next couple I am going to examine from the play is the pairing of Touchstone and Audrey. This is possibly the strangest couple in the play. My reason for thinking this is that they are completely different people, and have very different backgrounds. Touchstone is a court jester, and has lived a sophisticated courtly life. Audrey on the other hand is a country girl who has been brought up on a farm. Even though there are these differences, the two still get married. They were meant to be wed quite early into the play, but this did not go as planned and they did not. They did how ever talk more about it and finally got married at the end of the play. Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-86650816878910361332020-01-20T22:05:00.001-08:002020-01-20T22:05:04.355-08:00Winston Churchill Essay -- essays research papers Winston Churchill was born on November 30, 1874, at Blenheim Palace, the famous palace near Oxford that was built by the nation for John Churchill, the first duke of Marlborough. Blenheim meant a lot to Winston Churchill. It was there that he became engaged to his wife, Clementine Ogilvy Hozier. He later wrote his historical masterpiece, The Life and Times of John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough. With English on his father's side and American on his mother's, Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill expressed the national qualities of both his parents. His name proves the richness of his historic background: Winston, after the Royalist family, who the Churchillââ¬â¢s married before the English Civil War; Leonard, after his remarkable grandfather, Leonard Jerome of New York; Spencer, the married name of a daughter of the first duke of Marlborough, from who the family descended; Churchill, the family name of the first duke, which his descendants maintained after the Battle of Waterloo. All these strands come together in a career that had no resemblance in British history for richness, length, and achievement. Churchill took a leading part in laying the foundations of the welfare state in Britain, in preparing the Royal Navy for World War I, and in settling the political boundaries in the Middle East after the war. In World War II he began as the leader of the United British Nation and Commonwealth to resist the German domination of Europe, as an inspirer of the resistance among free people, and as a prime architect of victory. In this, and in the struggle against communism later, he made himself an essential link between the British and American people, for he saw that the best defense for the free world was for the English-speaking people to come together. (Down 133). Strongly historically minded, he also had predictive foresight: British-American unity was the message of his last great book, A History of the English-speaking Peoples. He was a combination of a soldier, writer, artist, and statesman. He was not so good as a party politician. He stands out not only as a great man of action, but as a writer of it too. He was a genius; as a man he was charming, happy, and enthusiastic. As for personal faults, he was bound to be a great egoist; so strong a personality was likely to be overbearing. He was something of a gambler, always too willing to take risks. In his ... ...ed across the Atlantic with a supply of weapons that made a beginning. On Oct. 26, 1951, at the age of 77, he again became prime minister, as well as minister of defense. As the Conservatives held a very small majority and Britain faced very difficult economic circumstances, only the old man's willpower enabled his government to survive. He held on to see the young Queen Elizabeth II crowned at Westminster in June 1953, attending as a Knight of the Garter, an honor he had received a few weeks earlier. In 1953, also, he received the Nobel Prize in Literature. On April 5, 1955, in his 80th year, he resigned as prime minister, but he continued to sit in Commons until July 1964. Churchill's later years were relatively calm. In 1958 the Royal Academy devoted its galleries to a retrospective one-man show of his work. On April 9, 1963, he received, by special act of the U.S. Congress, the unique honor of being made an honorary American citizen. When he died in London on Jan. 24, 1965, at the age of 90, he was acclaimed as a citizen of the world, and on January 30 he was given the funeral of a hero. He was buried at Bladon, in the little churchyard near Blenheim Palace, his birthplace. Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-80095590623360614512020-01-12T18:29:00.001-08:002020-01-12T18:29:03.749-08:00Kinesthetic LearningWhen I first read this assignment, I wasnââ¬â¢t sure what to expect. I remembered back to when my children were in preschool, which was sixteen and eighteen years ago, and was struck by the realization that I couldnââ¬â¢t recall them learning kinesthetically. It seemed to me that the only time I really saw them moving was during designated play time. I was very pleased when I walked into my church preschool, for a day of observing and volunteering, and the first thing I saw was the children learning through movement.In an effort to learn their numbers, they were all standing in a large circle, with Teacher Karla standing in the center holding a stack of cards with a number printed on each. She passed a ball to one student and then held up a card with the number four (4) on it, and the little boy bounced the ball four times and then passed the ball to the next child, who looked to the teacher for his number, which was a seven (7). He had a little more trouble and only bounced th e ball six times because he forgot the number five.He passed the ball on to the little girl next to him, who looked to the teacher, who still held up the number seven (7), due to the mistake of the previous child. I wasnââ¬â¢t sure how that would work, but the little girl bounced the ball seven times, and the boy, responded with ââ¬Å"Oh yeah, I forgot five. How come you didnââ¬â¢t tell me Teacher? â⬠Teacher Karla responded to this by explaining that we donââ¬â¢t always just learn from the teacher and that we can learn from each other, as well.Later in the day, I was pleasantly surprised to see that teacher Karla was using the Letter Mats that I had created for her a few years ago when I helped out in the preschool. The Letter Mats are large laminated mats with big letters written on them. The letters are not in alphabetical order and each letter is written more than once on each mat. Because this was an activity that I had come up with, Teacher Karla asked me to lea d. I stood in front of the mats and called out a letter. Each child then jumped on that letter on the mat in front of them. I then called out another letter and they jumped from letter to letter.We continued this until they had jumped from A to Z, with a few mess ups in between, but for the most part, most of the children jumped to the right letters most of the time. Chapter 2, Question While volunteering at the preschool, I have a lot of opportunity to watch the way different music affects the childrenââ¬â¢s moods and behavior. I wasnââ¬â¢t too surprised by my observations because music has always been something I have loved and when I ran an in home childcare, I used different forms of music all of the time. While at the preschool, I observed teacher Karla change the music frequently, depending on the mood she was trying to create.When they were playing the number and ball game, there was lively music playing, with children singing strong and loud. This music seemed to energ ize the children. When it was art time, and the children were painting, she slowed the music down and, while the children still chatted while doing their painting, they were much calmer than they had been earlier. When we did the activity with the Letter Mats, we listened to children singing the alphabet. The children really enjoyed singing along and I think because it was an alphabet song and coincided with our activity, it helped them stay on focus. Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-65134188064443613882020-01-04T14:53:00.001-08:002020-01-04T14:53:04.367-08:00Intelligence Analysis Essay - 2050 Words I. INTRODUCTION: The United States Intelligence community draws on advanced technology and analytical techniques. An intelligence process that sets objectives, collects, analyzes, and report findings, with feedback loops integrated throughout. Explicitly, the intelligence community advantages technology and tradecraft within a proscribed process. However, estimation of threats and decision-making are outcomes of human thinking. Analysts and policymakers create mental models, or short cuts to manage complex, changing environments. In other words, to make sense of ambiguous or uncertain situations, humans form cognitive biases. Informed because of personal experience, education, and specifically applied to intelligence analysis, Davisâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦As such, actor ââ¬ËAââ¬â¢ projects an image or cognitive bias onto actor ââ¬ËBââ¬â¢ as if actor ââ¬ËBââ¬â¢ would see the world, or approach a problem in the same way as actor ââ¬ËAââ¬â¢ (George and Bru ce 2008, 315). III. HISTORICAL EXAMPLES OF MIRROR IMAGING: In the often-cited work, Psychology of Intelligence Analysis, Heuer provides many examples that apply cognitive psychology to explain how biases trap analystsââ¬â¢ judgments. In Chapter Six, Heuer calls upon Admiral Jeremiahââ¬â¢s comments on the surprise Indian nuclear test in 1998, and quotes Admiral Jeremiah explicitly concerning mirror imaging as, ââ¬Å"everybody-thinks-like-us mind-setâ⬠(Heuer 1998, Chapter Six). Particularly concerning why the Indian nuclear test was such a surprise, Heuer explains a faulty assumption held by the United States. In that, the United States economic sanctions would deter an Indian nuclear test. A more recent example of bias is toward China. Johnston recalls the 1998 Tiananmen Square massacre of Chinese studentââ¬â¢s pro-Democracy rallies. The prevailing mind-set was, according to Johnston, ââ¬Å"any right minded person in China would support democracyâ⬠(Johnston 2005, 76). The prev ailing assumption was Chinese elites would negotiate with the protesters, rather than risk any unwarranted violent military action that risked international backlash. However, Johnston notes, ââ¬Å"I was wrongâ⬠(Johnston 2005, 77). Johnston offers as reason, the lack of proper context of understanding Chinese culture, andShow MoreRelatedEssay on Intelligence Analysis584 Words à |à 3 PagesEmbassy in a foreign country and said that they know someone was going to use a plane to destroy New York in two days, could this have stopped the attack? Intelligence Analysis puts the raw sources of information together, make predictions based on the data, and finally publish the results. Stephane Lefebvre wrote that ââ¬Å" intelligence analysis is the process of evaluating and transforming raw data acquired covertly into descriptions, explanations, and judgments for policy consumersâ⬠(236). TheRead MoreAnalysis of the Elements of the Intelligence Cycle Essay2246 Words à |à 9 PagesMinor Assignment â⬠¢ Analyse the elements of the ââ¬ËIntelligence Cycleââ¬â¢. What are its core strengths and weaknesses? Before I begin to analyse the elements of the Intelligence Cycle, I must begin with the definition of ââ¬ËIntelligenceââ¬â¢. Throughout my research, it became apparent that the acceptance for an accurate definition of ââ¬ËIntelligenceââ¬â¢ is still an issue to date. One reason could be because experts tend to view ââ¬Ëintelligenceââ¬â¢ through their own specialty, and would be fair to say that thisRead MoreAn Analysis of Business Intelligence Systems1431 Words à |à 6 PagesThis report is an analysis of business intelligence systems currently available to our business. As an introduction, I will address in general terms why we need to purchase a business intelligence system and how it will aid our business. Then I will discuss several applications in detail, paying particular attention to the information and analysis capabilities of each, and the hardware and software required for each. Finally, I will conclude with a short evaluation of the products discussed andRead MoreEmotional Intelligence Analysis Paper Essay1284 Words à |à 6 PagesEmotional Intelligence Analysis Paper Emotional Intelligence ââ¬Å"EIâ⬠is a field that certainly seems to be more widely recognized and is frequently being further studied and researched regarding how it relates to each person as they function in life. I strongly believe that it should be, because learning to manage our emotions in an effective way is critical to how each person deals with all aspects of their life. When we manage our emotions poorly, we not only hurt ourselves, and often our reputationRead MoreBusiness Intelligence Is The Gathering And Analysis Essay1214 Words à |à 5 PagesBusiness Intelligence Business Intelligence is the gathering and analysis of large amounts of information so as to gain insights that propagate strategic and tactical business decisions. Business Intelligence is the mix of the processes and technologies which change data into information. It includes a wide category of technologies, including data warehousing, multidimensional analysis or online analytical processing, data mining and visualization, as well as basic queries and multiple types ofRead MoreBusiness Intelligence Is The Gathering And Analysis1229 Words à |à 5 Pages Business Intelligence Business Intelligence is the gathering and analysis of large amounts of information so as to gain insights that propagate strategic and tactical business decisions. Business Intelligence is the conglomeration of the processes and technologies which change data into information. It encompasses a wide category of technologies, including data warehousing, multidimensional analysis or online analytical processing, data mining and visualizationRead MoreBusiness Intelligence Is The Gathering And Analysis Essay1175 Words à |à 5 PagesBusiness Intelligence Business Intelligence is the gathering and analysis of large amounts of information so as to gain insights that propagate strategic and tactical business decisions. Business Intelligence is the conglomeration of the processes and technologies which change data into information. It encompasses a wide category of technologies, including data warehousing, multidimensional analysis or online analytical processing, data mining and visualization, as well as basic queries and multipleRead MoreAnalysis Of Emotional Intelligence By Daniel Goleman1418 Words à |à 6 Pagesthrough email. Synopsis Daniel Goleman, author of Emotional Intelligence, discusses the idea of intelligence being more than a matter of cognitive ability. In part one and two of the book, Goleman discusses how the brain processes emotions. In these chapters the author describes the cortex and the limbic system. Rationality is job of the cortex while the limbic system processes your emotions. He suggests that the emotional intelligence can be a learned skill. In the next chapter Daniel GolemanRead MoreBusiness Analysis : Business Intelligence And Analytics1545 Words à |à 7 Pagesadvantage is Business Intelligence. An organization that successfully employs business intelligence is able to collect pertinent information in a usable form in a timely fashion and have it accessible to decision maker so that the organization can more quickly adapt and implement its overall business strategy. The opportunities associated with the ability to use data and analysis in different organizations has helped genera te significant interest in Business Intelligence and analytics (BIA). Read MoreIntelligence Agency : The Intelligence Bureau ( Ib ) And The Research And Analysis Wing ( Raw )1942 Words à |à 8 PagesIntelligence philosophers such as Sun Tzu, Kautilya and Machiavelli have stressed on the importance of strategic intelligence for the security of a nation and the history across the world is evident with its prime examples. Such is also the case of India and in this presentation we will be examining some key historic Indian events and their impact on the countryââ¬â¢s two foremost intelligence agencies ââ¬â the Intelligence Bureau (IB) and the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW). Towards the end we will also Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-3338182091623351012019-12-27T11:19:00.001-08:002019-12-27T11:19:03.687-08:00Economics and Zara - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 750 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/19 Category Economics Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Market Entry Strategy: Case Study of Zara ââ¬â Internationalisation in China 1. Introduction and Background Amongst the motivations to strategise are to grow fast ahead of the competitors, grow in the line with the industry or to simply catch up and defend an existing status. Despite the challenges, threats and risks, the orientation of various firms are to expand, to reach and to penetrate new markets segments. The working title of the research is initially drafted as ââ¬â Market Entry Strategy: Case Study of Zara ââ¬â Internationalisation in China. The study aims to explore the effectiveness of the chosen market entry strategy and mode of entry by Zara in penetrating the Chinese retail market. Whether the strategy proved to be beneficial in its initiative to internationalise the operation of the business will be also explored. Thereby asking, what are the benefits of putting the business within the Chinese business environment? As such, market entry decisions are a multi-approach that requires careful consideration of the firm seeking to widen economies of scope and reach. Zara should take note, however, that market entry decisions depend on the resources and the ability to sustain the competitive edge. In this study, different market entry strategies and its drivers, nature and dynamics will be explored with reference to Zaraââ¬â¢s business. Zaraââ¬â¢s international strategy framework of market entry, market selection and marketing approach is the driver behind the internationalisation strategy of Zara. When it comes to market entry, the question now is what are the economic and political barriers that take effect on the strategy? 2. Company Profile Owned by Amancio Ortega, Zara, on the other hand, is a clothing company originated in Spain. Inditex Group, the parent company, claims that Zara needed just a couple of weeks to go through the development of a new product and get it to the stores, compared to that of six months which is the industry average. Zara also launches products amounting 10, 000 new designs annually. Though Zara is a vertically integrated company, Zara controls most of the processes in the supply chain whereby 50% of the products are manufactured in Spain, 26% in the rest of Europe and 24% in Asian countries. and (2006) contend that Zara outsourced the production of high labor intensive processes but maintained in-house other capital intensive processes, protecting knowledge and know how. The quick-response capability of Zara is made possible by the three main stages that define the competitive edge of the company: design, manufacturing and distribution. Zara embraces the strategy to focus on operations which can enhance cost efficiency thereby conducting most of the processes in-house. While, the rest of the manufacturing activities including finishing stages are completed through a network of 300 small contractors which specializes in one particular part of the production p rocess or garment type. These contractors work exclusively for Inditex, and are not given more than 4% control of the production services so that if there will be a problem with a single contractor, there will 299 to back them. and (2004) maintain that although its manufacturing costs are 15 to 20% higher than competition, Zara more than makes up for the cost differential through its supply chain to ensure that merchandise in the stores matches what customers want (). Further, the competitive advantages of Zara are because of its cost leadership, fast production and product variation. Zara sells quality, fashionable products at reasonable prices and based on product positioning, Zara is cheaper than its leading rivals as Benetton and Gap. Zara also has the ability to design and finish products to be deli8everd in stores within 4 to 5 weeks hence very quick to get designer-influenced products into their stores. Likewise, the clothing brand has the ability to launch new trends a nd designs in a much shorter period. Zara thereby boasts for low level of inventory, efficient distribution system and high turnover of product. 3. Key Issues Market Entry and/or Operations Market Entry International strategy at Zara is defined by the combined generic strategy of cost leadership and differentiation strategy. There are considerations, however, such as when selecting the Chinese market, labor cost and productivity, distribution cost and shipment cost of raw materials are considered. Other considerations are characteristics or behaviour of consumers and income per capita. In terms of marketing approach, the considerations include the 4Ps inherent to the Chinese consumers and business environment. Market entry considerations include economics, both macroeconomic factors which include tax, political condition and export tariff and microeconomic factors including local competitors, demand and location of store. Regulation from government and local producers protecti on issues are other considerations. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Economics and Zara" essay for you Create order Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-81537724912388173412019-12-19T07:08:00.001-08:002019-12-19T07:08:02.631-08:00Women Of The United States - 1456 Words One must reach far back in history in order to appreciate what two women are currently undertaking in the political arena in the United States. Presently, two women are vying for their respective political partyââ¬â¢s nomination to become President of the United States, however in the late nineteenth century this would have never been thought possible. Women during this era had no self-representation other than their husbands and fathers. Several generations of women who supported the suffrage movement, fought to change the Constitution of the United States. These revolutionary women of the United States played a monumental role in making this a reality. As a result of these womenââ¬â¢s efforts, and many more that followed, the 19th amendment to the Constitution was ratified on August 18, 1920, allowing women the right to vote. This amendment marks one of the most pivotal points in American politics. In order to set the stage for the importance of womenââ¬â¢s rights during this time in history, one must first understand the circumstances under which women lived in nineteenth century America. In the book, Lucy Stone, Speaking Out for Equality, author Andrea Moore Kerr tells of the day Lucy Stone was born in Massachusetts, the year was 1818. It is now known that Lucy Stone would become a champion for the rights of women and especially womenââ¬â¢s suffrage. Hannah Stone, Lucyââ¬â¢s mother was pregnant with her sixth child and was weary from having to perform so many duties as a woman andShow MoreRelatedThe Women Of The United States1434 Words à |à 6 PagesAbuse affects the whole family no matter what country that you live in. The women of Mexico were identified as moderately depressed compared to the minimally depressed women of the United States. The results of being in an abusive relationship or having been abused can be seen in the womenââ¬â¢s parenting. The women from Mexico most often felt that their children had issues, which caused them to be challenging to parent. The mothers from Mexico often times felt that their child was demanding, notRead MoreWomen Of The United States861 Words à |à 4 PagesUnlike the past, the social status of women is a lot improved. So, many female leaders are taking an active part in many fields. However, it is hard to find female leaders in top position. From the past, male dominated almost all of high social and official position in the world. Kings, presidents and many people who were in the high social hierarchy were predominately male, except some queens in U.K. Female has been playing a supporting role or was a second-class citizen. Females are still underrepresentedRead MoreWomen Of The United States2283 Words à |à 10 Pagesstandard or example. They apply to the vulnerability of any one group. Intermittently, they are used against women in the United States as a whole, who are vulnerable in areas of predestined abilities to achieve a task based on sex. Not only must g eneralizations be lessened, but they also must be eliminated completely, as the effects they have on women are monstrous. Women in the United States are affected negatively by stereotypes through movies, mass media, and discrimination in the workplace. HistoriesRead MoreWomen Of The United States1849 Words à |à 8 PagesStephen Rykola Mrs. Lucas English 10 Throughout time women have been looked upon as lesser individuals. However this is not the case. Women have played a very important part in our lives since the beginning of time. In the United States just within the past one hundred years women have received the right to vote. Hate and acts of violence against women still happen in other country s today. This famous quote by Abraham Lincoln proves that women should be treated as equals to men: A house dividedRead MoreWomen Of The United States Essay1838 Words à |à 8 PagesWomen make up about 51% of the population of the United States, yet for most of American history, their representation in politics has been almost nonexistent. It was not even until 1920 that women were given the right to vote by the 19th amendment. Before that, their involvement was shunned and prohibited. After women gained the right to vote, however, their election to office was not immediate. After gaining the right to vote, women have gone through a struggle to become involved in politics thatRead MoreWomen Of The United States Army1964 Words à |à 8 PagesThe United States Army was founded on June 14, 1775, and since this day women have helped nurture this great branch into what is known today as the largest and oldest United States Military service. (ââ¬Å"Womenâ⬠) The US Army is consisted of about 452,064 enlisted soldiers and 87,610 officers. This total of 539,675 makes up 37.8% of all of the military branches. (Demographicsâ⬠) As time has carried on more and more women are looking to serve the country in the Army. While women have many skills and abilitiesRead MoreWomen During The United States1823 Words à |à 8 Pagesin the world. However nurses continue to be in short supply even with an aggressive campaign to attract foreign nurses (Brunetto et al., 2013). It is estimated that ââ¬Å"the United States will need to have produced 1.13 million new RNââ¬â¢s to fill the future demandâ⬠(MeMenamin, 201 4). Of the current-working nurses in the United States, ââ¬Å"males represent approximately 7% of the nursing workforceâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ (Colby, 2012). The percentage of men in nursing must improve if nursing is to become diversified. Although theRead MoreWomen During The United States Military1345 Words à |à 6 Pages 9 April 2016 TOULMIN ESSAY Women have always served in the United States Military, since the beginning of the existence of the United States. I will make the argument, that women can and should be allowed to serve in combat roles, that are traditionally open for men only. Combat does not distinguish between the sexes. This is an important issue for everyone. The main reason, why women have never been allowed to be in combat roles, is because the sight of a wounded woman on the battle fieldRead MoreWomen s Movement Of The United States1438 Words à |à 6 Pagessimilarities between female and male, or women and men. In general, men usually have different responsibilities and duties as women. From history to modern time, the differences between women and men has changed a lot. Itââ¬â¢s nearly 70 years ago, that fight for womenââ¬â¢s suffrage began in the United States. The Womenââ¬â¢s Movement is a movement to combat sexual discrimination and to gain full legal, economic, vocational, educational an d social rights and opportunities for women, equal to those of men. One of theRead MoreThe United States : A Growing Problem With Women1553 Words à |à 7 PagesThe United States has a growing problem with women in the criminal justice system. There has been a dramatic increase of women since the 1980ââ¬â¢s. In addition, the increase of women has brought mothers into the equation. Pregnant mothers who are allowed to keep their newborn while incarcerated has been theorized to have many positive results. Including a higher chance of a positive reentry, allow bonding time between the mother and her child, and easing the pain of their incarceration. Laws vary from Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-77463921118599870482019-12-11T03:50:00.001-08:002019-12-11T03:50:04.989-08:00Hutus and Tutsis Essay Example For Students Hutus and Tutsis Essay The culture of the Hutu and Tutsi tribes of Rwanda, Africa interests me for many reasons. One reason is that they are so diverse from our American way of life. Another reason is that I have heard a little bit about them in the news and by talking to people. This sparked my interest and made me want to learn more about them. I will cover a wide variety of information in my report. This will include the land where they live, their way of life, their history and ancestry, and what the government is like in Rwanda. I dont expect the reader to become an expert on the Hutus and the Tutsis, but I do hope that the reader gets a general understanding about what is going on in their section of Africa. I have learned lots of new information from doing this report, not only about the Hutus and the Tutsis culture, but about the whole continent of Africa. The first topic that I will cover is about the people that make up the tribes of the Hutu and Tutsi. The total population of the country of Rwanda, where most of their events have taken place is 7,800,000. The population of the Hutus is 3,000,000 and the Tutsis number only 1,000,000. The physical traits of the Hutus and Tutsis are very different from each other. The Hutu have larger noses and larger all around facial features than the Tutsis. Most Tutsis are seldom less than six feet tall, while the Hutu are very short people. The Tutsis are related to the Masai and the people along the Nile, while the Hutus have a Buntu history. As you can see the people that make up the tribes of the Hutus and the Tutsis are a very diverse group of people. The way of life for the Hutu and the Tutsis is considerably different. Traditionally, the Tutsi were the wealthy, upper class and the Hutu were little more than slaves. Now the power is a little more equally divided, but is still more in favor of the Tutsis. The Hutu are mainly peasant farmers, while the Tutsis are mainly animal stock breeders. One thing that the Hutu and the Tutsi have in common is that they are both a Buntu language speaking group. The basis of the natives religion is a belief that there is a supreme principle of good known as Imana. Followers of this religion use magical amulets in their rituals. One half of the people in Rwanda are Christian, and most of the Christians are Catholic. The staple foods of the Hutu are cooked bananas, maize, and millet. The staple foods of the Tutsis are dairy products, and agricultural foods that are bought from the Hutu. Only a minimal percentage of both tribes go to school. The children that go to school either go to a religious m ission or to a public school. The way of life for the Hutu and Tutsi differs from our lifestyle very much. Right now the economy is in shambles because of the devastation of the long enduring civil war between these rival ethnic groups. I will expand on this topic later. The industry crashed because most of the countrys efforts were being put into the war effort and not much work was getting done. Very little economic activity is going on and, as a result of this, millions of people are suffering. The agriculture consists of Hutu farmers products. Stock breeding is done by the Tutsis who are cattle herders. Tin mining is the leading industry in Rwanda. As you can see the economy was never very strong to begin with, and now with the civil war raging it is worse than ever. .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab , .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab .postImageUrl , .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab , .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab:hover , .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab:visited , .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab:active { border:0!important; } .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab:active , .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud42f65344be58ddf186bb2551dfebaab:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Creative Writing: A Night Fishing EssayThe history of conflict between the two tribes began four centuries ago. The Tutsis are a warrior tribe of Hamatic origin. Sometimes called the Watutsi, they invaded the Hutu in Rwanda from the North. The Hutu couldnt defend themselves and they were taken over by the Tutsi and reduced to serfdom. Each Hutu chose a Tutsi Lord who gave them use of cattle. There wasnt much conflict until 1959 when a civil war broke out when the leaders of both tribes were killed. The Hutu tried to get equality through the National Party of Hutu Emancipation. This did not work however. In 1960, elections were held under Belgium supervision. More Hutus won and the Hutus took over the government. The Hutu Gregoire Kayibanda was elected president. Two years later Rwanda won independence and the Hutus started mistreating the Tutsis. After independence, violence erupted between the two tribes. In 1973 Kayibanda was accused of being lenient with Tutsis who slaughtered thousands of Hutus in Burundi. The army was unhappy about this so they took over the government. General Habyarinew was appointed president of Rwanda. In 1990 the Tutsis began a civil war against the Hutu government. The Tutsis forced the Hutus to Zairian refugee camps. Since Zaire is a poor country and they couldnt support the Hutu refugees they forced the Hutus back to Rwanda. Finally in 1994 settlements seemed to be working out. Later in 1994 a plane crashed at Kigali, Rwandas capital, with a Hutu leader on board. The Hutus thought the Tutsis were responsible for this act. Hutu extremists began their campaign of genocide after this. 500,000 Tutsis were killed by the Hutu extremists, who also killed Hutus who wanted to live peacefully with the Tutsis. 2137 of the killers were under 18. Trials for the minors are supposed to take place in March of 1997. Altogether since independence, more than half a million people have been killed and just as many have fled to Zaire and Uganda.Today Rwanda is dominated by the Hutus, and Burundi is controlled by the Tutsi. The most current news is that the United States have sent 1,000 troops to Zaire to help the people in need. Rwanda, the land where the two tribes are primarily located is called the African Switzerland because it is very picturesque. Rwanda covers 9530 square miles of land and is very densely populated. The yearly temperature ranges from 55 to 75 degrees. There is not much rainfall and this often leads to droughts. The central plateau country ranges in altitude from 4800 feet on the shores of Lake Kiva to 14,000 feet in the volcanic mountains of the North. The highest mountain is Mount Karisimbi and it is 13,520 feet high. In our language Karisimbi means pearl. The Savanna grasslands of the central plateau run an average height of 5,600 feet. The Hutu live in the mountainous Savanna country in Rwanda and Burundi, between Zaire and the lakes of East Africa. The Tutsi live in Rwanda where they form 10% of the population and in Burundi where they are more numerous. The land in Rwanda is very diverse and they have a very dry climate. Right now the Hutu are in control of the government. The government is a republican form of government with a constitution that provides for a president and an 44 member legislative assembly. There are five major political parties. The government is divided into 10 circumscriptions. The president appoints prefects that are responsible for local government. The mayor of each circumscription is appointed by the president. Right now the president is General Habyarimana, who is a Hutu. The armed forces serve as a national defense and for internal security. The total number of people in the armed forces is 20,000. The Judiciary system consists of four different levels of court. The lowest level courts are customary courts and the police court. Next highest up is the court of First Instance and then, finally, the highest court, the Court of Appeals. As you can see Rwanda has an organized form of government, but the president has a lot of power in deciding who is to be appointed to what offices. .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a , .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a .postImageUrl , .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a , .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a:hover , .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a:visited , .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a:active { border:0!important; } .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a:active , .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udb226c85acd1323c50a05c5758ea166a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Growth of Juliet EssayTo summarize my report, the Hutu are more numerous than the Tutsi. They look different physically, but have a similar language. The economy is in bad shape for both of the tribes. The Hutu and Tutsi have had a long history of conflict and the land where they live is quite different from each other. The government is still mainly controlled by the Hutu. To go over a few key points, the Tutsi are a warrior tribe of Hamatic origin and are seldom less than six feet tall. Another key point is that the Hutu are mainly peasant farmers, while the Tutsi are mainly stock breeders. The year round temperature in Rwanda ranges from 55 to 75 degrees. One last key point is that the staple foods of the Hutu are cooked bananas, maize, and millet. The staple foods of the Tutsi are dairy produce, and agricultural foods that are bought from the Hutu. I hope that you have enjoyed my report and learned a lot about the culture of the Hutu and the Tutsi tribes of Africa. Category: History Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-47271932645832249022019-12-03T15:31:00.001-08:002019-12-03T15:31:04.052-08:00The Illegal Body Parts Trade Essay Example For Students The Illegal Body Parts Trade Essay The number of people requiring a life-saving transplant continues to rise faster than the number of available donors. In the United States, over 101,000 people are on the Organ Procurement and Transplant Network waiting list, but there are only about 100 donors (Data). According to Organdy. Gob, 19 people die each day waiting for life-saving organ transplants (The Shortage). Society as a whole needs to find a humane answer to this widening gap. One way organs and tissues arrive on the black market is from living donors. The desperation of some people that become financially destitute is dumbfounding. Why anyone in perfectly good health would sell any part oftener body is beyond my comprehension. Understand the principle of donating an organ to help someone that needs it in order to survive, but parting with an organ for the sole reason of profit is crazy. If were in this situation, even if the money was needed to feed my family, have a hard time seeing myself ever doing something so extreme. There has to be another way. The lengths that some people will go for money stretch as far as selling a cornea, which leaves the donor blind in that eye (Experts warn). Usually these illegal organs sell to the eighties bidder. We will write a custom essay on The Illegal Body Parts Trade specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Other body parts that can be harvested are veins, bones, skin, intestine, heart, lungs, and many other parts of the anatomy (Organ Donation Statistics. Hue a friend Who has a cadaver CAL in his knee that was donated legally. His doctor told him that the ligament to be replaced was beyond repair because he tore the ligament too many times. The only viable option was another actual ligament that hadnt been damaged before. One from a cadaver. I have heard of synthetic repairs for this procedure, but apparently they are an inferior option to the real body part meant to be there. Certain parts of the anatomy can also be used for reconstructive and cosmetic surgeries. For example, burn victims often need skin grafts and trauma patients sometimes need reconstructive surgery using pieces of bone. Sometimes the tissues can be supplied from the patients own body, using the black market to acquire organs is also dangerous. Poor medical practices in third world countries abroad cant possibly provide the level of care available in well developed countries like the United States. Often surgery takes place in makeshift operating rooms. Stories abound to converting hankies and whole levels of hotels into wards. Infections have and do occur. A study conducted by the David Gaffe School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angles, analyzed the aftereffects of 33 people that traveled outside the United States for kidney transplants. One year after surgery, 30% of the kidneys were rejected by the patients, including one death This is a higher percentage than normal compared to transplants done in the United States (obtaining Kidney Transplants). The risk Of infection applies to the donor as well. Abdul-Raman Abdul-Aziza lives in the slums of Cairo. He sold his kidney for LOS$COCO. A year after his surgery his health became so poor he could barley walk around his apartment. If anyone had made clear to me the danger, wouldnt have done it, he said (Couple scarred. What benefit is gained from selling an organ if you get an infection and die? Money is useless when youre dead. The harvesting of organs and tissues is not always done for money. Many people donate because they have family members or loved ones that desperately need a transplant in order to survive whatever ailment is afflicting them. Others donate simply because they can. The act of voluntary donation can be done while alive or after deceased, although donors who are still alive are limited as to what can be donated. For instance, someone can donate a kidney or part of their liver while theyre still alive, but it would be hard to survive having donated a heart. If more people would voluntarily donate their body parts without jeopardizing their health, the world wide organ shortage would be drastically reduced. It would also help if more people agreed to donate after death, The donation of whole cadavers is the most beneficial. .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24 , .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24 .postImageUrl , .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24 , .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24:hover , .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24:visited , .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24:active { border:0!important; } .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24:active , .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24 .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc1cd44730bccb7c49ada7448c90ecf24:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Remember The Alamo March 6 1836 EssayJust one cadaver can yield over a dozen renegotiable organs and tissues (Shanties). The illegal sale of organs and tissues from the dead is a substantial area of supply for the black market body parts trade. The fact that a whole cadaver can be dissected and sold for parts for over $200,000 makes the practice all too appealing for some, no matter the risk (Carrion). The horror stories of doctors, funeral homes, prisons, and Organized crime outfits essentially stealing organs have been documented. Even in the United States this has happened. A couple Of men involved With the Willed Body Program at UCLA, a program that provides cadavers donated to science or medical students, used the medical center as a front for over six years to traffic body parts to the black market. Over 800 cadavers were dismembered and sold for parts (Carrion). Another case in California involved a doctor who tried to speed up his patients death so he could harvest the patients organs. The patient, Ruben Innovator, was on life support and his family had given their permission to donate his organs. Innovators doctor, Dry. Rookie, prematurely administered several drugs in order to hasten the process. Under California state law, transplant doctors cannot direct the care of organ donors before they re declared dead. Innovators mother was very upset. They mistreated him and they abused him and they took advantage of him and me, said Rosa Innovator. He didnt die with dignity, and didnt have the chance to really say goodbye to him. I dont think it is right, These people need to pay for what they did to him (Orenstein). Organ theft happens all over the world and is taking place with frightening frequency, In Egypt, three men supposedly went in for a job interview and oddly were subjected to medical examinations. The doctor discovered that they all were suffering from a kidney infection requiring emergency surgery. They later woke up in the hospital missing a kidney (Bassoon). These types of stories were believed to be urban legend until true accounts like this surfaced. I wish the stories were just urban legend. There are also stories that involve kidnapped children as well as adults. In Albania, doctors working for a terrorist group were taking organs from Seers kidnapped in Spooks and Metaphor. The bodies were dumped in an abandoned mine shaft and in a Swamp (Illegal Organ). Recently a woman in Nepal was burned to death for attempting to steal a child intended for the organ trade. A number Of children have gone missing recently in this area and police believe it is the work of organized crime groups involved with the black market organ trade (Amman Burnt 3. Also, in the Philippines, the National Bureau of Investigation recently issued an alert warning to the rise of child abductions. The kidnappers take the children for the purpose of selling their organs to people from other countries (Alert). This is the worst act that I have read or heard about and it makes me sick. This alone should be enough to warrant more action and involvement to stop the trade of black market organs, Victims of violence in third world countries have also been pillaged for body parts, Nancy Sphere-Hughes, a world renowned expert on the global human organ trade, said that in South Africa she witnessed the cadavers to poor, mostly black. Victims of violence being looted for usable eyes and heart valves (Scales). In addition to organs stolen trot people that died from violence, prisoners have also been targeted as an easy source of body parts. China executes more prisoners than any other country in the world, more than 1770 in 2005, and has admittedly sold organs from executed prisoners (Organ sales), A survey twine organ transplant professionals was conducted and a large portion of them surveyed agreed that procurement methods were ethically sound in the United States and Europe, but only 4% thought that the procurement methods in China were ethically sound (Majority Of Doctors). .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f , .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f .postImageUrl , .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f , .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f:hover , .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f:visited , .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f:active { border:0!important; } .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f:active , .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u355a0463810dc307e44068dfb6aacc3f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Trail of Tears and the Five Civilized Tribes EssayThis could explain some of the infections and aftereffects that have been reported with transplants done outside the United States. The majority Of organ sales and transplants take place abroad. China is now a major hub for transplants, followed by the Philippines and India. Patients seeking new organs travel from Other countries o come over for what has been called transplant tourism ( Merino). The countries that see the highest mourner of recipients of organ transplants tend to be well developed countries like the United States, Australia, Japan, and Canada (Shamanism). Reasonably would wait for a certified organ from a L IE. S. Donor list that has been matched for me and tested for viability, as not all transplants abroad go as planned. One of the many reasons that the purchase and sale of organs is illegal is because it unfairly provides organs to the highest bidders, This usually means that only the wealthy are able to afford transplants. Some have suggested legalizing the organ trade saying that it would increase the donor pool and prevent the need tort illegal and dangerous transplant tourism. Other proponents think that a person has the right to do whatever they want to with their body. People who oppose the idea think that legalization would increase the growth of black market organ sales because it might increase the overall market for organs (Putsches). The suggestion that legalizing the sale of organs may lower scientific standards in exchange for quick and easy money should also be considered. The sale of body parts is illegal in most of the world. This has not stopped desperate patients s eeking transplants to replace their failing organs with healthy ones from either willing donors or from forced donation. Many times that transplants are performed the patients dont know Where the organs come from or how the organs were acquired. Would have to imagine this dont ask, dont tell policy suits most recipients just fine. The illicit underground organ transplant market brings up strong ethical and moral issues as well. There is no question that the world needs a larger supply Of transplantable organs, but he way many of these organs are acquired and procured is sad and inhumane. Whether it is through the many scams out there, forced involuntary donation, or the murder of innocent poor people, organ acquisition without consent needs to be stopped. The sale of organs by the poor is thought by many to exploit the human body. Others say that it erodes the sense of community. Would have to agree. It is sad that the illegal sale of human bodies and body parts has become such a lucrative business. The organized groups that steal organs have no regard for human life. All they see are dollar signs, or whatever their currency may be. Is there a good solution to the escalating organ trade problem? Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-64867746671714157012019-11-27T16:26:00.001-08:002019-11-27T16:26:03.194-08:00Obesity cases among youthsFredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-24034181615468947542019-11-24T00:01:00.001-08:002019-11-24T00:01:03.308-08:00Professional Development PlanProfessional Development Plan Introduction Leadership is an important process in team management. It is always important to understand the characteristic of self and that of team members in order to offer effective leadership. By understanding the personal characteristics and of the other team members, a leader will be able to understand the strengths and weaknesses in order to find a way of achieving success in addressing the specific duties.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Professional Development Plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this learning group, there are four members; they include Elizabeth, Jason, Rachel, and I. Each one of us has unique characteristics which make us diversified in our capabilities. Where one of us has weaknesses, the others may have strengths, and this makes it possible to address various challenges as a team. As a leader, I need to analyze these characteristics in order to determine how we can address diff erent tasks, and how we can help one another overcome some of the personal challenges that may affect our career (Rughani, Franklin Dixon, 2003). In this assignment, I seek to develop a plan that will address the characteristics of the group and me as the leader of the learning team. Combined DISC Chart of the Learning Team Members The group members have taken their time to generate their DISC profile based on the specific questions that were set for them. The following is a combined DISC chart of my Learning Team members. Figure 1: Combined DISC Chart The characteristics of the team The chart above shows the characteristics of the team. It is clear that the four team members have different traits that make each one unique. When describing the characteristics of the team, it would be important to look at the composition of the personality and behavior of the different members. The chart shows that this team has the right composition that it needs in order to succeed.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Each of the four members do not share the personality trait as given by DISC assessment. In each of the four personality traits described in the DISC, there is only one person. This makes the group an all-rounded team with all the four different personalities. This may be advantageous because of the diversity of opinions that may exist in the group. This means that each of the ideas proposed by the team members will be analyzed from different perspectives, and the final decisions will be based on a clearly informed knowledge that is convincing to the four people with different traits. However, this may also have its own challenges. The difference in personality means that each of the team members has a different reasoning approach. This may not only delay the process of coming up with a decision, but also may lead to a complete breakdown in communication and decision making processes. What one of the team members finds to be very important may mean very little to another member. What one member may consider a best course of action may be the complete opposite of the thought of another team member. This means that it would take compromise and support in order to make any progress in some cases. Development Plan on Characteristics of my Team Members As a leader of this group, it is important at this stage to create a development plan to address specific characteristics of the team members both individually and as a group (Beers, 2007). This will clearly demonstrate my ability to lead them under various circumstances. Group professional development plan This group has four members with varying characteristics. The report we obtained from the personality self-assessment reveals that we are very unique in this group. As a leader, I consider this as the main strength. It is evident that where one of us has a weakness, we fin d strength in the other person. This makes it easy to develop as a learning team. The results reveal that each one of us needs some development in specific areas in order to develop into a better person. In this team, we will work together and identify these weaknesses, and find a solution that will help all the team members overcome them in order to advance our careers (Peine Peine, 2008).Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Professional Development Plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Individual professional development plan It is vital to start by creating an individual professional development plan based on the results obtained from the DISC assessment of the four members. The four members included Elizabeth, Jason, Rachel, and I. Elizabeth The results reveal that Elizabeth is predominantly an interactive style who is sometimes referred to as an enthusiast. It means that she is more direct and less open. The main goal that that drives her is to influence people around her to act in a given pattern. Some of the key characteristics of Elizabeth include seeking status symbol, slow in pace, dislike of routines, comfortable to delegate duties, an enthusiast, persuasive and inspirational, and very trusting. Sometimes she may be evasive when under pressure. In her growth opportunities, she focuses more on the big picture and very impulsive. Her personal empowerment pointers show that she needs to improve her ability to deal with substance of the tasks, state her positive views, and learn from the Steadiness. Her main weakness is that she is sometimes careless and disorganized. Jason Jason comes out as predominantly a Dominance Style- sometimes referred to as the Producer- based on the results that were obtained from the DISC assessment. Generally, he is less direct in his speech and actions. His primary goal is to accomplish better goals within his organization or group. He dislikes people who he considers to be obstacles to his achievement of the set goals, and prefer working as a team. Her ability to produce makes him valuable to this learning team because he is always dependable and very efficient. He rarely delegates his duties, strict on working as per the schedule, and can manage pressure. He is always focused and very confident when working with people. However, his weakness is that he dislikes being instructed and is always reluctant to change. Rachel Rachel comes out predominantly as a person with Steadiness style traits. She is a go-getter whose main drive in life is the desire for a steady flow of greater achievements in all the tasks that she does. She is a good short-term planner and self-reliant person. She does not rely on others to achieve her goals in life. She is an industrious person who knows how to break work into smaller tasks.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More She is less concerned about what other people say about her, but always wary of people who may beat her to the goal or take advantage of her. Rachelââ¬â¢s main weakness is that she is always uncomfortable with multiple or complex tasks. She may also be guarded and rigid when under pressure. Anita From the results obtained from the self-assessment report, it is clear that I am predominantly cautious. The results show that I am a perfectionist who is more indirect and less guarded. My main motivation in all that I do is to have predictable outcomes. I pay a lot of attention to details and key processes, and value relationships. I am a thorough and dependable person who prefers methodological approach when handling tasks. I am always keen to embrace change when it is confirmed that it is attainable. I prefer following established rules other than working without a plan. I also prefer having control over procedures and very keen on details. My main weakness is that I dislike oppositi on. I may be critical, and sometimes unresponsive to some issues. My ability to lead them The above characteristics identify critical personality traits that make me a good leader for this team. It is clear that I am a good planner. This is an important trait in leading a learning team. I will be able to plan and predict the outcomes of our group when handling various academic tasks. A leader should be someone who is dependable. That is another strength of mine that will make it possible for others to rely on me. I believe I am a problem solver and an industrious person, which makes it easy for me to work with and lead others. References Beers, S. (2007). Strategies for designing, implementing, and evaluating professional development. Alexandria, Va: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. Peine, J., Peine, J. (2008). The educators professional growth plan: A process for developing staff and improving instruction. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press. Rughani, A., Frankl in, C., Dixon, S. (2003). Personal development plans for dentists: The new approach to continuing professional development. Abingdon, Oxon: Radcliffe Medical Press. Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-70259410350095006302019-11-21T06:08:00.001-08:002019-11-21T06:08:02.353-08:00Please read the cases and answer the questions by using the relevant Essay - 1Please read the cases and answer the questions by using the relevant legal basis - Essay Example , the company must leave room for competition and must not subdue other smaller companies in the region for encouraging technological development, thus conforms to the law (Geneva, 2008). Price fixation in a market prohibits competition and leads to the development of a monopoly market structure. Inferring to the case of Ilovemoneyalot Telecommunications Company, the action by the CEO of the company to influence fixation of the prices of smartphones through a decrease of prices by 35% would disadvantage other smaller companies who are not part of the agreement to decrease the price. The decrease in prices of the smartphones by 35% would result in concerted practice towards other smaller players with a total share of 20% of the overall market share. In the reduction of the prices, Ilovemoneyalot Company should involve all the players in the market in the decision-making to avoid disadvantaging other market players. The patency law helps in the protection of the original work of an individual against production or reproduction by another party. This law majorly applies in artistical, and literature works like songs, work of literature or an innovation. Relating the patency law to the case of Arthur, the pianist who wrote a song ââ¬Å"Beautiful Maria of my life,â⬠after the production of the song by another party, the original composer can take legal action against the neo- composer if he/she can prove patency to the work. This is because the law protects from the production of anotherââ¬â¢s work, which is presumably still under modification (Geneva, Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-41219590891930793072019-11-20T05:50:00.001-08:002019-11-20T05:50:03.654-08:00Globalization Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 wordsGlobalization Strategies - Essay Example This essay stresses that sophisticated ERP models are obligatory if the operation wishes to incorporate material planning with customer demands and supplier subsidiaries, both internal and external, as well as various means of distribution channels. While there are numerous strategies that can help an organization become successful on a global scale, the best strategy to use is highly dependent upon the individual company. Some, such as Nike, are built almost exclusively on close relationships with subcontractors while others, such as Zara clothing, excel thanks to a highly integrated, centrally located headquarters. Strategies will depend upon how the organization expands its base, whether through the acquisition of other firms, the development of subcontractors or the building of new facilities, as well as the type of products or services the organization has to offer. This paper makes a conclusion that locations will have an effect upon best strategies as well, as different laws, taxes, incentives and regulations will all determine the resources and practices allowable in a given area and the overall cost of production. In the end, the best way to determine best global strategy for an individual organization is through careful analysis of the companyââ¬â¢s goals and ethics, products offered, supply and distribution chains, resources, level of technology, legal and regulatory considerations and production processes before determining which strategy will provide for the most efficient, economic and ethically balanced combination as a means of attracting and retaining consumers. Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-28827131338676575282019-11-17T18:21:00.001-08:002019-11-17T18:21:03.254-08:00Cultural Behaviour in the Workplace Research PaperCultural Behaviour in the Workplace - Research Paper Example According to Condon & Yousef (1975), people skills and intercultural communication competence contribute to successful cross-cultural business interactions. Culture determines the nature of the business interaction of individuals. Cross-cultural business interactions happen between different countries with distinct political, economic, and cultural backgrounds. For economic development, different countries and international companies collaborate to contribute positively to the global economy. However, cultural intolerance is a major cause of conflicts and misunderstandings experienced in the world today (Ayoko 2007). It is difficult for people of different cultures to understand each other since they are cultured to do things in a specific manner. Sebenius (2002) notes that this problem faces most companies engaged in cross-border business. Therefore, there is the need for all companies to adopt an international global perspective of conducting business.à This study based on the a ssumption that culture is important in determining business interactions in the workplace. Basing on the challenges experienced by employees, this study will answer the question; how does culture influence business interactions of Americans, Chinese, and Russians. This will also develop propositions for addressing challenges that arise in a multicultural workplace. The study findings will offer guidance on how to ensure effective business communication with Russians, Chinese, and Americans. The study setting is the Sharjah Chamber of Commerce & Industry. This United Arab Emirates Company serves a major purpose of organizing economic life and ensuring the prosperity of trade in the region. This includes making proposals for economic projects, engagement in legislation dealing with industrial and economic affairs, and launching opportunities for investment (SharjsaCityGuide n.d). The nature of this company allows for interactions with companies from different parts of the world, in or der to work jointly on projects or negotiate on business deals. During such cross-cultural communication, cultural differences lead to considerable challenges. The participants in this study are employees of this company, who have experience working with foreign delegates, specifically, Russian, American, and Chinese. These will share their experiences and major challenges in their dealings with the foreign delegates. Methodology This study aims at gathering information concerning the experiences of the employees of the Sharjah Chamber of Commerce & Industry in dealing with delegates of Russian, American, and Chinese origins. The experiences of participants reflect their attitudes toward the foreign delegates, therefore, this study explores subjective data. Therefore, in order to achieve the aims of this study, a qualitative approach will be employed, as this is concerned with subjectivity understanding. Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8143326914044880492.post-28930701294300088232019-11-15T06:52:00.001-08:002019-11-15T06:52:10.540-08:00Self Appraisal Is Useful To Start Future Planning Education EssaySelf Appraisal Is Useful To Start Future Planning Education Essay Self appraisal is useful in to start our future planning and draw a map for our future goals and aims. And assessment of our career growth will enable us to know where we are and gives us the directions to where we want to reach. A strong view about your self is very important in our lives because its play a very important role to know what is better for myself and what I have been done in my life and which big management position is suitable for me it will help to understand the followings, our life and career How work fits in other aspects of our lives Work experience A record of what we have done so far Work satisfaction Things about your work we like and enjoy Recycling you achievements The things we have done that we are proud of it Task 1 level 2 1.2: Conduct a self assessment: Skills audit The skills audit in an organisation is the process in which an organisation can identify and measure the functional skills what they have required in the organizations functions and match those requirement through design, recruitment, training and outsourcing. This process is very useful to plan the career of the company and chose the right candidate for right position for the success of the business. Self assessment: Self assessment allows you to know what you are and what you want to be and in which specific areas you need improvement to take the further responsibilities and remains competitive in the life. For this purpose you need to take the responsibilities for your career and continuing professional development. When we talk about career and want to be successful in our life than these questions we should be answered first Where are you now? Where do you want to be? How will you get there? If we want to know where we are now and where we want to be and how will we get it the question arises how we can know about this. Many philosophers and business mans and economists suggest different ways to know the answers of these questions. Where are you now? To know what your current status is, you could carry out the SWOT analysis to identify our Personal strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. This audit will help us to identify our development needs and what information we have needed to plan our future. A swot analysis can be carried out as a part of our appraisal preparation. Where do you want to be? To begin the process, first review the type of role and the level you wish to be working towards. Once you have objectively assessed your skill level and identified the directions you would like your development to take. May be you need to discussed it with your line manager because he is the person who knows the organization very well and suggest you the better way to achieve your ambitions and goals. How will you get there? You will need to carry out a self-assessment and identified your potential for skills development and then find appropriate ways to improve your skills. It will take usually weeks, months, years or sometimes longer to get sufficient skills to get a higher position. Task 1 level 3 1.3: Professional CV: My CV is attach with appendix 1.1 Task1 level 4 1.4: Personal Development Plan The PDP should incorporate your reflection on some significant training or development activities you have undertaken in your personal or professional life which assists you to plan for your professional development in the future PDP is the name of plan of action. In our daily life we can make plan but never write it down, PDP is the way by which we can achieve our targets by planning. But first of all we have to understand what PDP is? And How to create a PDP There is no right or wrong way to present your Personal Development Plan. A PDP is effectively a schedule of actions, referring directly to your aspirations for your personal development. As learners we are continually planning, but by putting our plans in writing and structuring them to enable us to best meet our aims and objectives, we increase our chances of success. A PDP allows you to set targets for yourself and to devise a clear route to achieving them. PDP is the name of followings: Assessment of current skills and knowledge to establish professional needs Planning the development Evaluate the performance Resetting aims and objectives to re plan in light of the feedbacks In PDP personal effectiveness play a very important role by commitment to the profession and flexibility to balance all aspects of life. Look at the example below: PDP cycle: F:Documentsep-pdp.jpg http://www.jiscinfonet.ac.uk/infokits/e-portfolios/pdp-background To know what I have and what i have to improve in myself to achieve my ambitions and goals and make some strategy to turn into reality we have to give answers of these questions which play a very important role to be successful. SWOT analysis: SWOT analysis will enable you to identify where you are in your current role. For example, Strengths à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ I have 5 years experience in the marketing sector à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ I am a good communicator à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ I have excellent IT skills. Weaknesses à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ I dont know much about Places of Change or how this affects the services I provide à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ I dont have any management experience. Opportunities à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ My organisation is willing to sponsor me to go on a course or training to develop my skills à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ There may be some new job promotion opportunities in my organisation Threats à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ There may be competition for new job opportunities à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ A promotion would mean moving to a specialist project which I dont have complete understanding. Next you need to turn this into a PDP. What I need to achieve, how am I going to achieve it When am I going to do it? Do I need to develop some supervision skills? I am going to do this for six months from September. 6 Are your development targets SMART When setting targets, you need to make sure that you can actually achieve them. This is called SMART targets. SMART stands for the following: http://tutorials.freeskills.com/images/articles/428/image1.gif http://tutorials.freeskills.com/setting-objectives-and-achievable-outcomes.htm PDP PLAN: untitled 222222.JPG Action plan All of the objectives and goals identified in the PDP need to be SMART to get success and better learning. TASK 2 LEVELS 1 Evaluation of learning development and objectives: 2.1: Evaluating your Success: The learning process is a cyclic process in which you need to identify your development goal that you want to achieve and then periodically you have to evaluate your progress. Taking time to evaluate and reflect your progress is essential to enable you to make necessary changes to your plan. When evaluating your progress you need to ask yourself: What have I learnt? What more do I need to do to achieve my goals? Is my progress too slow or ahead of schedule? Do I need any assistance to achieve my goal? Whats hindering my progress? Do I need to change my plan? What additional benefits am I gaining from this practice? To evaluate our objectives we have to answer these questions. What I am better able to do as a result? Every person has his own calibre of doing things and have their own goals and objectives the targets which I set in my PDP plan yes I can do it to make myself better from my colleagues and to grow my career in the sales and marketing field by learning, knowledge and getting support from my superiors and feedbacks,. Has this experience thrown up future development needs? Human are born for learning. A person can never be prefect in their lifes we always need some assistance and knowledge to improve our selfs. A person is learning in their whole life from birth to death, to achieve my entire objects I will need to get help from my manager because he is the person who know the organization very well and give me better advice in which area I need improvement to achieve my objectives and whether my plan need more to improve myself to get my objective. How well did the development method work? Improvements in myself by developing this plan for success and development it give me better ways and a clear sense of mind to achieve my objectives and by implementing it in my life now I feel a clear difference in myself and other now I can deals with customers with more confidence and energy. And I achieved my sales target which is given by the sales department but still I need a lot of improvement to achieve all my objectives and goals. Could I have gained more from this activity? Yes from these activities now I am more presentable in my work more effective in my job and it give me the right direction to improve my image in the organization and because of my performance now I am the supervisor of my sales department. Would I follow this approach again? All those things which is betterment of the people, all the people go for those ways nobody can denied with it Because everyone want to be successful in their lifes. For my future I definitely go for this approach because it give me great achievement in my profession now it is very easy for me to go and get my future aims and goals. This valuation will also provide a key lead to the next stage of the continuing cycle goals change and tasks vary and new needs will emerge it important to retrieve your own plan accordingly. Task 2 level 2 2.2: Reset planning according with time: To make yourself successful in the life we have to adopt the environmental changes accordingly as the environment around you is changes we have change over self as well, as we achieve our targets we need more objectives to grow in our life and aims to achieve a better position in the organization or achieve better target in business. In my profession if I want to be a manager then I need to increase my knowledge and learn more things and try to be more effective for the organization and achieve our targets timely and more professionally to be a manger of my organization I need to learn more things and change my PDP accordingly to learn those skills I need multi skills to manage everything in the department and also need of basic managements skills. Technical skills: skills needed to perform specialized tasks. Human relation skills: skills in understanding and getting along with people in the organization. Connectional skills: abilities to think in the abstract, diagnose and analyze different situations, and see beyond the present situation. Decision making skills: skills I defining problems and selecting the best course of action. To make this happen I need to make my strategy accordingly and learn more things from my superiors and by increasing my qualification which need to be a manager and talk to the colleagues to get assistance from them. And set the targeted time to achieve all the objectives. Task 3 level 1: 3.1: Problems at work: There are numbers of problems which employs are facing around them at work. there are some many small problems which leads to the biggest turnover in the organization. Some of the most major work problems are as followings: 1: job satisfaction: Its very important for an employ for his interest his job is according to his desires and interest, otherwise job satisfaction is very difficult to obtain, sometimes employers gives some different work to the employs which is not according to the specialization, desires and interest of the employ which leads to the disappointment, frustration from work . If it does not corrected on time it will lead to employs resign from the job. 2: management factors: In the organization management have key role in the success of business. If management did not understanding the problems of the employs and their needs then it is very difficult for the employs to remain in the business it will leads to the larger turnover from the business. 3: Job stress: Lots of employs faces job stress on their work because of the larger work pressure and overload of work which is not according to the willpower of the employs it is also a bigger problem which is faced by the workers at work. 4: Low Resources availability: Less availability of resources at work according to the job requirements some times it make difficult for the employs to work with low resources according to the job which leads to the high turnover from the road. 5: Employer treatment: Sometimes employer behaviour towards the employs is very disappointed. They treat the employs like machines which is the biggest work base problem for the employs. Task 3 level 2 3.2: Communication: No matter how brilliant you are and your idea, it is worthless until unless you can able share it with others in the organisation. For this reason, effective communication is very crucial at every level. The oxford English dictionary defines communication as: The imparting, conveying or exchange of ideas, knowledge etc., (whether by speech writing or signs) interchange of speech. Types of communications: There are two types of communication written and oral communication Oral communication describes any type of inter-action that makes use of spoken words. Written communication involves any type of interaction that makes use of the written word. Both of these communications methods is very important and have a great significance in the life of the peoples. In the organization we adopt different ways to convey our message to others. By Speak effectively Delivering presentation Prepare written communication Display interpersonal understanding Time management: http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.jdsblog.com/wp-content/uploads/time-management-workflow.jpgimgrefurl When we think of time management, however, we tend to think of personal time management, managing our time is defined as, less wastage of time in doing things we have extra time to do the things what we want to do Therefore, time management is presented as a set of time management skills; the theory is that once we master the time management skills, well be more organized, efficient, and successful. Personal time management skills include: Goal setting; Planning; Prioritizing; Decision-making; Delegating; Scheduling. Task 4 level 1 4.1 Learning: Learning is very important throughout our lives if we stop learning our growth in our self is also stop and we cannot achieve any further goals. There are two types of learnings primary and secondary source of learning Primary sources of learning: On the job learning: On the job learning is those things which we learn from our surroundings at work place it is the very common and quick way of learning. Personal observation: This type of learning is obtain by observing things around you and adopts the things which are good for the future growth. Readings: Books are the best companion of every person we can learn most of the things from books it is the most effective way of learning. Research: Most of the things which we dont know like customers need and history of the world to know all about things research is the only way to know about them. Secondary source of learnings: Training: Some time most of the skills we know but for improving that skills training is very important to learn those skills which we need to improve our existing skills. Coaching: It is helping another person to improve awareness, to set and achieve goals in order to improve a particular behavioural performance Mentoring: It is helping to shape an individuals beliefs and values in a positive way; often a longer term career relationship from someone who has done it before Internet: Internet is the first quickest source of learning in these days by searching on internet we can get everything every easy which is helpful to learn these things which is useful for the development. Kolbs learning (learning styles) model Kolbs learning theory sets out four distinct learning styles. which are based on a four-stage learning cycle. In this respect Kolbs model is particularly useful because it offers both ways to understand individual peoples different learning styles, and also an explanation of a cycle of experiential learning that applies to us all. Kolb says that ideally this process represents a learning cycle or spiral where the learner touches all the bases, i.e. a cycle of experiencing, reflecting, thinking, and acting. Kolbs model therefore works on two levels a four-stage cycle: Concrete Experience Reflective Observation Abstract Conceptualization Active Experimentation and a four-type definition of learning styles, (each representing the combination of two preferred styles, rather like a two-by-two matrix of the four-stage cycle styles, as illustrated below), for which Kolb used the terms: à Diverging (feeling and watching) Assimilating (watching and thinking) Converging (doing and thinking) Accommodating (doing and feeling) Diagrams of Kolbs learning style http://www.ldu.leeds.ac.uk/ldu/sddu_multimedia/kolb/static_version.php Task 4 level 2 4.2: Lifelong learning: All learning activities undertaken throughout life with the aim of improving knowledge skills and competences with in a personal, civil, social or employment related missions. Lifelong learning is obtained by the followings: Variety in roles Job rotation Rewards Job enlargement Cultural changes Job enrichment Task 4 level 3 Research methods: There are two types research method Qualitative methods used in social marketing include observations, in-depth interviews and group discussions. Qualitative research is used to help us understand how people feel and why they feel as they do. Depth interviews or group discussions are two common methods used for collecting qualitative information. Quantitative market researchà typically includes customer surveys and questionnaires these can be conducted face-to-face by interview, over the telephone, via post or email, online or via your website. Research resources: Primary research involves gettingà original dataà directly about the product and market. Primary research data is data that did not exist before. It is getting by field research designed to answer specific questions of interest to the business. Face-to-face interviews Telephone interviewsà Online surveys Questionnaires Secondary marketing research, or desk research,à already existed information in the form of reports, internet and magazines and other companies collected information. It is relatively cheap, and can be conducted quite quickly and easily. Task 4 level 4: 4.4: Presentation on PDP and feedbacks What is PDP plan? An introduction: PDP is the name of plan of action all the plans which include in the PDP must be SMART and all the objectives and aims set in the PDP should be aware of SWOT. My PDP plan: My PDP plan shows the long and short term plan to achieve my aims and objectives. It based on my experience and qualification I have and how much experience or qualification I need more to get my ambitions in my life I want to be a manager in my organization I showed all the task and times limit in which I complete all my tasks and in future I get that position where I want to be. Implementation of PDP plan: First of all need some extra qualification thats why I have to join some management course and complete that course in that period of time and also attend some management training sessions to get the necessary management skills. And get help from my supervisor. Results: Results after done all these things it is quiet useful for me to get a management position in my organization. Conclusions: All the points in this assignment is more helpful to understand the nature of the professional development and the needs of employs to succeed in their professional life and who they can achieve this success. Fredhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07602077445688805336noreply@blogger.com0